Main Article Content
Abstract
Digital transformation in Bali's traditional markets is becoming increasingly important due to shifting tourist behaviors and the demand for more adaptive tourism services. However, the digitalization of traditional markets involves more than just the implementation of technology; it also encompasses community readiness, user acceptance, cultural preservation, and the market's ability to maintain long-term competitiveness. This study aims to analyze the digital readiness of Bali's traditional markets and its relationship with technology acceptance, digital transformation, sustainable tourism, and sustainable competitive advantage. A qualitative approach was employed, utilizing observations and interviews with market stakeholders and tourists. The analysis also identified various forms of digitalization adoption and the barriers faced by traditional markets. The findings indicate that digitalization has begun through the use of digital payments, social media, and product information provision; however, implementation remains suboptimal due to limitations regarding digital literacy, facilities, connectivity, technological understanding, and the readiness of some vendors. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) perspective highlights perceived usefulness and ease of use as critical factors in technology acceptance, while Digital Transformation Theory suggests that digitalization must be understood as a shift in transaction processes, marketing, service delivery, tourist interactions, and value creation. The study further demonstrates that digital readiness serves as a crucial foundation for successful digital transformation. Integrating digital readiness with local wisdom, product authenticity, community participation, and technology can strengthen the sustainable competitive advantage of Bali's traditional markets. Thus, effective digital transformation does not aim to replace the traditional character of the markets but rather to enhance competitiveness and the tourist experience while preserving Balinese cultural values.
Keywords: Digital Readiness, Digital Transformation, Sustainable Competitive Advantage, Traditional Market, Sustainable Tourism.
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References
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References
Adama, H. E., & Okeke, C. D. (2024). Digital transformation as a catalyst for business model innovation : A critical review of impact and implementation strategies.
Aldoseri, A., Al-Khalifa, K. N., & Hamouda, A. M. (2024). Methodological Approach to Assessing the Current State of Organizations for AI-Based Digital Transformation. Applied System Innovation, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/asi7010014
Amsari, S., Harahap, I., & Nawawi, Z. M. (2024). Transformasi Paradigma Pembangunan Ekonomi : Membangun Masa Depan Berkelanjutan melalui Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah. Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business, 8(1), 729–738. https://doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v8i1.1703
Ángel, M., Martín, G., Soledad, M., & Martínez, C. (2023). Digitalization, entrepreneurship and competitiveness: an analysis from 19 European countries. Review of Managerial Science, 17(5), 1809–1826. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-023-00640-1
Anifowose, T. E., Oke, T. I., Oyedele, O. I., Fadeyi, A. A., Alagbe, T. O., & Adebayo, O. A. (2025). Markets in Africa . The Example of Sapon Traditional Market : An Evolution of Cultural Values in the Spatial Planning of. Social Evolution & History, 24(1), 95–112. https://doi.org/10.30884/seh/2025.01.05.
Astawa, I. P. P., Yasmita, I. G. A. L., Wisnu, N., & Murthi. (2026). Enhancing Bali MSMEs ’ Competitiveness through Digital Strategies , Product Innovation , and Local Wisdom. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 14(1), 905–916. https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v14i1.4515
Astuti, M. T., Putranto, D., Yasen, S., Dachlan, M., & Putri, I. A. S. L. P. (2023). Exploring Sustainable Business Models for Hotel Industry Governance in Bali. Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences, 50(5). https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.50.5.1
Benhaddou, A., & Fatima, E. (2024). The Impact of E-Commerce on Traditional Markets in Marrakech , Morocco : A Sociocultural Analysis. Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities, 3(1), 17–27. https://doi.org/10.56397/JRSSH.2024.01.03
Dang-Pham, D., Hoang, A. P., Vo, D. T., & Kautz, K. (2022). Digital Kaizen: An Approach to Digital Transformation. Australasian Journal of Information Systems, 26, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.3127/AJIS.V26I0.3851
Ferdian, F., Salehuddin, M., Zahari, M., Abrian, Y., Wulansari, N., Azwar, H., Adrian, A., Putra, T., Wulandari, D. P., Suyuthie, H., Pasaribu, P., Susanti, D., Aisiah, A., Yulfa, A., Pratama, V. M., Harmawan, V., Fadilah, R., Donie, D., & Waryono, W. (2024). Driving Sustainable Tourism Villages : Evaluating Stakeholder Commitment , Attitude , and Performance : Evidence from West Sumatra , Indonesia.
Han, C., Yuan, H., & Kim, Y. (2026). From Diversified Development to Sustainable Destination Management : Mechanisms Linking Tourist Psychological Identity and Cultural Tourism Sustainability. Sustainability (MDPI), 473(18), 1–21.
Hanita, M., Bangso, F. D., & Aprian, M. (2024). Beyond attraction: Unveiling Bali’s cultural community’s role in bolstering tourism resilience amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 34, 100953. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2024.100953
Hussain, H., Jun, W., & Radulescu, M. (2025). Innovation Performance in the Digital Divide Context : Nexus of Digital Infrastructure , Digital Innovation , and E ‑ knowledge. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 16, 3772–3792. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-024-02058-w
Hussein, H., Albadry, O. M., Mathew, V., Al-Romeedy, B. S., Alsetoohy, O., Abou Kamar, M., & Khairy, H. A. (2024). Digital Leadership and Sustainable Competitive Advantage: Leveraging Green Absorptive Capability and Eco-Innovation in Tourism and Hospitality Businesses. Sustainability (MDPI), 16(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/su16135371
Manzoor, F., Wei, L., Siraj, M., Lu, X., & Qiyang, G. (2025). Digital agriculture technology adoption in low and middle-income countries — a review of contemporary literature. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 10(9), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2025.1621851
Masruroh, D., & Prabowo, P. S. (2025). Independent : Journal Of Economics E-ISSN 2798-5008. Independent : Journal Of Economics, 5(2), 85–92.
Muda, F. P. (2026). Commercialization of Cultural Tourism and its Impact on the Authenticity and Preservation of Local Wisdom. 4(1), 449–456.
Mutmainnah, I., & Utomo, J. (2024). Peranan Umkm Dalam Upaya Pengurangan Angka Pengangguran Sebagai Langkah Awal Pembangunan Perekonomian. Journal of Development Economics and Digitalization, Tourism Economics (JDEDTE), 1(1), 46–52.
Niu, H., Li, M., Hsieh, F., Yu, C., & Lin, C. (2026). From Digital Anxiety to Empowerment in Older Adults : Cross-Sectional Survey Study on Psychosocial Drivers of Digital Literacy. JMIR AGING, 9(15), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.2196/75245
Omol, E. J. (2026). Organizational digital transformation : from evolution to future trends. July. https://doi.org/10.1108/DTS-08-2023-0061
Pera, A., MORALES, G. D. F., & AIELLO, L. M. (2026). Measuring Online Behavior Change with Observational Studies : A Review. Acm, 58(10).
Pereira, M. S., Carlos, S., Powell, D. J., Faria, S., & Magalh, M. (2024). administrative sciences Digital Culture , Knowledge , and Commitment to Digital Transformation and Its Impact on the Competitiveness of Portuguese Organizations.
Puig-cabrera, M., & Foronda, C. (2025). Multi-level evolutionary model for smart tourism transition : A pilot test in the Andalusian region ( Spain ). European Journal of TOurism Research, 41(18), 1–26.
Reddy, K., & Sailesh, B. (2024). Cultural guardianship in tourism: Indigenous communities’ quest for economic stability and identity preservation. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 15(2), 328. https://doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v15.2(74).09
Rocha, W. L. L., Almeida, M. F. L., & Calili, R. F. (2023). Measuring and Evaluating Organizational Innovation Capacity and Performance from Systemic and Sustainability-Oriented Perspective. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15010682
Rosalina, P. D., Dupre, K., Wang, Y., Putra, I. N. D., & Jin, X. (2023). Rural tourism resource management strategies: A case study of two tourism villages in Bali. Tourism Management Perspectives, 49(October), 101194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2023.101194
Saeedikiya, M., Salunke, S., & Kowalkiewicz, M. (2025). The nexus of digital transformation and innovation : A multilevel framework and research agenda. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 10(1), 100640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2024.100640
Sirait, H., Rosalina, S. S., & Sari, E. (2023). The Impact of Digital Innovation on Economic Growth. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(6), e01842. https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i6.1842
Sunarya, P. A., Yusup, M., & Fae, N. (2026). Utilizing AI and Blockchain for Business Innovation in Digital Strategy. 10(3), 217–228.
Suyatna, H., Kafaa, K. A., & Budiono, M. F. (2026). Digitalising Traditional Markets : Challenges and Opportunities for Micro , Small , and Medium Enterprises ( MSMEs ) in Indonesia. 29(3), 265–277.
Theres, C., & Strohmeier, S. (2024). Consolidating the theoretical foundations of digital human resource management acceptance and use research: a meta-analytic validation of UTAUT. In Management Review Quarterly (Vol. 74, Issue 4). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-023-00367-z
Tzanis, G., & Morfoulaki, M. (2025). Sustainable Tourism Through Digitalization and Smart Solutions.
Zhang, Q., Chen, J. L., Li, G., & Jiao, X. (2025). Digital transformation and tourism performance : A systematic literature review and research agenda. Tourism Economics, 0(0), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/13548166251383186