Main Article Content
Abstract
This study examines the influence of Sustainable Digital Marketing (SDM) and Service Quality on customer trust and loyalty in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), with a focus on youth-based community markets in North Sulawesi. Using a descriptive correlational design and data collected from 325 respondents, the analysis was conducted through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate both direct and indirect relationships. The results show that SDM has a significant direct effect on customer loyalty but does not influence trust, suggesting that sustainability-oriented digital communication strengthens loyalty through value alignment rather than relational confidence. Service Quality is found to strongly enhance trust but does not directly affect loyalty, indicating that trust functions as a key psychological bridge in forming long-term customer commitment. Mediation analysis confirms that trust significantly mediates the relationship between Service Quality and Customer Loyalty, while the relationship between SDM and loyalty is not mediated by trust. Summary of results the study extends the Commitment on Trust Theory within the MSME context and highlights that customer loyalty can emerge through two routes: directly through sustainable digital practices and indirectly through trust formed by consistent service delivery. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating ethical digital communication with reliable and empathetic service performance to strengthen long-term loyalty among young consumers.
Keywords
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
- Alzoubi, H. M., & Inairat, M. (2020). Do perceived service value, quality, price fairness, and service recovery shape customer satisfaction and delight? A practical study in the service telecommunication context. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 8(3), 579-588.
- Ashiq, R., & Hussain, A. (2024). Exploring the effects of e-service quality and e-trust on consumers’ e-satisfaction and e-loyalty: insights from online shoppers in Pakistan. Journal of Electronic Business & Digital Economics, 3(2), 117-141. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEBDE-09-2023-0019
- Badan Pusat Statistik. (2023). Profil Industri Mikro dan Kecil 2023. https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2024/09/18/52d85cbe9de005b6f5d69f95/profil-industri-mikro-dan-kecil-2023.html
- Bima Ramadhani, & Agus Hermawan. (2025). E-Commerce dan kelestarian lingkungan:
- analisis dampak dan upaya berkelanjutan. Jurnal Rimba : Riset Ilmu Manajemen Bisnis dan Akuntansi, 3(2), 229–240. https://doi.org/10.61132/rimba.v3i2.1760
- Castaldo, S., Grosso, M., Mallarini, E., & Rindone, M. (2016). The missing path to gain customers loyalty in pharmacy retail: The role of the store in developing satisfaction and trust. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 12(5), 699-712.
- Chuenyindee, T., Ong, A. K. S., Ramos, J. P., Prasetyo, Y. T., Nadlifatin, R., Kurata, Y. B., & Sittiwatethanasiri, T. (2022). Public utility vehicle service quality and customer satisfaction in the Philippines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Utilities Policy, 75, 101336.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2022.101336
- Cuesta-Valiño, P., Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, P., & Núñez-Barriopedro, E. (2022). The role of consumer happiness in brand loyalty: A model of satisfaction and brand image in fashion. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 22(3), 458–473.
- Druică, E., Ianole-Călin, R., Băicuș, C., & Dinescu, R. (2021, May). Determinants of satisfaction with services, and trust in the information received in community pharmacies: A comparative analysis to foster pharmaceutical care adoption. In Healthcare (Vol. 9, No. 5, p. 562).
- Fatimah, F., & Tyas, W. M. (2022). Service quality strategy based on sustainable marketing to increase consumer loyalty to SMEs in rural areas. International Social Sciences and Humanities, 1 (2), 285–300.
- Gregurec, I. (2025, June). Sustainable digital marketing: a systematic review and content analysis of current research. In DIEM: Dubrovnik International Economic Meeting 10 (1), pp. 51-61.
- Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
- Hameed, Z., Naeem, R. M., Mishra, P., Chotia, V., & Malibari, A. (2023). Ethical leadership and
- environmental performance: The role of green it capital, green technology innovation, and technological orientation. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 194, 122739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122739
- Han, J., Zuo, Y., Law, R., Chen, S., & Zhang, M. (2021). Service quality in tourism public health: trust, satisfaction, and loyalty. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 731279.https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.731279
- Indarwati, T. A. (2025, August). Navigating digital frontiers: a systematic literature review of digital marketing strategies in SMEs across emerging and developed economies (2015 –2025). In International Conference on Digital Business Innovation and Technology Management (ICONBIT) 1(2).
- Jai, T. C., Tong, X., & Chen, H. S. (2022). Building brand loyalty on social media: Theories, measurements, antecedents, and consequences. Journal of Brand Management, 29(1), 35–57.
- Karimi, S., Liobikienė, G., & Alitavakoli, F. (2022). The effect of religiosity on proenvironmental behavior based on the theory of planned behavior: A cross-sectional study among Iranian rural female facilitators. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 745019. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.745019
- Khalufi, N. A. M., Sheikh, R. A., Khan, S. M. F. A., & Onn, C. W. (2025). Evaluating the Impact of sustainability practices on customer relationship quality: an SEM-PLS Approach to align with SDG. Sustainability (2071-1050), 17(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020798
- Madueke, C. J., & Eyupoglu, S. (2024). Sustaining economic growth: e-service quality’s role in fostering customer loyalty in Nigeria SMEs. Sustainability, 16(21), 9175. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16219175
- Morgan, R. M., & Hunt, S. D. (1994). The commitment-trust theory of relationship marketing.
- Journal of marketing, 58(3), 20-38. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299405800302
- Mujianto, M., Hartoyo, H., Nurmalina, R., & Yusuf, E. Z. (2023). The unraveling loyalty model of traditional retail to suppliers for business sustainability in the digital transformation era: Insight from MSMEs in Indonesia. Sustainability, 15(3), 2827.https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032827
- Ngo, M. V., & Nguyen, H. H. (2016). The relationship between service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty: An investigation in the Vietnamese retail banking sector. Journal of Competitiveness.
- Odoom, R., Odoom, P. T., Amu, P. Y., & Adams, M. (2025). Sustainable digital marketing practices and consumer brand engagement – a brand reputation mediation investigation. Journal of Strategic Marketing, https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2025.2453690
- Orellano, A., Valor, C., & Chuvieco, E. (2020). The influence of religion on sustainable consumption: a systematic review and future research agenda. Sustainability, 12 (19), 7901. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12197901
- Parasuraman, A. B. L. L., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. (1988). SERVQUAL: A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality. 1988, 64(1), 12-40.
- Prieto-Sandoval, V., Torres-Guevara, L. E., & García-Díaz, C. (2022). Green marketing innovation: Opportunities from an environmental education analysis in young consumers. Journal of Cleaner Production, 363,132509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.13250
- Rajagukguk, W., Samosir, O. B., Rajagukguk, J., & Rajagukguk, H. E. (2024). Service quality and supply chain value on customer loyalty: The role of customer relationship management. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 12.
- Rastogi, T., Agarwal, B., & Gopal, G. (2024). Exploring the nexus between sustainable marketing and customer loyalty with the mediating role of brand image. Journal of Cleaner Production, 440, 140808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140808
- Risdwiyanto, A., Sulaeman, M. M., & Rachman, A. (2023). Sustainable digital marketing strategy for long-term growth of msmes. Journal of Contemporary Administration and Management (ADMAN), 1(3), 180-186. https://doi.org/10.61100/adman.v1i3.70
- Sagala, G. H., & Őri, D. (2024). Toward SMEs digital transformation success: a systematic literature review. Information Systems and e-Business Management, 22(4), 667-719. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10257-024-00682-2
- Sharabati, A. A. A., Ali, A. A. A., Allahham, M. I., Hussein, A. A., Alheet, A. F., & Mohammad, A. S. (2024). The impact of digital marketing on the performance of SMEs: An analytical study in light of modern digital transformations. Sustainability, 16(19), 8667. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16198667
- Sharma, V., Jangir, K., Gupta, M., & Rupeika-Apoga, R. (2024). Does service quality matter in FinTech payment services? An integrated SERVQUAL and TAM approach. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 4(2), 100252.
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2024.100252
- Shie, A. J., Huang, Y. F., Li, G. Y., Lyu, W. Y., Yang, M., Dai, Y. Y., ... & Wu, Y. J. (2022). Exploring the relationship between hospital service quality, patient trust, and loyalty from a service encounter perspective in the elderly with chronic diseases. Frontiers in public health, 10, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.876266
- Tambunan, S. T. B. (2023). Unboxing SERVQUAL: SQuID Inside!. Unboxing SERVQUAL: SQuID Inside!, 13(2), 1-20.
- Tegambwage, A. G., & Kasoga, P. S. (2025). The role of individual dimensions of business relationship quality and business customer value in building loyalty in microfinance. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14(1), 19.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-025-00474-z
- Trung, P. N. (2024). Providing public services in the context of digital transformation from the theory of the citizen-centered local governance model. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation, 5(3), 19-26.
- White, K., Cakanlar, A., Sethi, S., & Trudel, R. (2025). The past, present, and future of sustainability marketing: How did we get here and where might we go?. Journal of Business Research, 187, 115056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2024.115056
- Yesitadewi, V. I., & Widodo, T. (2024). The influence of service quality, perceived value, and trust on customer loyalty via customer satisfaction in deliveree Indonesia. Quality, 25 (198), 418. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/25.198.44
- Zhang, C., Teng, W., & Liu, Z. (2025). Does managerial short-termism affect corporate social responsibility?. Finance Research Letters, 73,
- 106581.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2024.106581
- Zuo, W., Bai, W., Zhu, W., He, X., & Qiu, X. (2022). Changes in service quality of sharing accommodation: Evidence from airbnb. Technology in Society, 71, 102092.
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.102092
References
Alzoubi, H. M., & Inairat, M. (2020). Do perceived service value, quality, price fairness, and service recovery shape customer satisfaction and delight? A practical study in the service telecommunication context. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 8(3), 579-588.
Ashiq, R., & Hussain, A. (2024). Exploring the effects of e-service quality and e-trust on consumers’ e-satisfaction and e-loyalty: insights from online shoppers in Pakistan. Journal of Electronic Business & Digital Economics, 3(2), 117-141. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEBDE-09-2023-0019
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2023). Profil Industri Mikro dan Kecil 2023. https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2024/09/18/52d85cbe9de005b6f5d69f95/profil-industri-mikro-dan-kecil-2023.html
Bima Ramadhani, & Agus Hermawan. (2025). E-Commerce dan kelestarian lingkungan:
analisis dampak dan upaya berkelanjutan. Jurnal Rimba : Riset Ilmu Manajemen Bisnis dan Akuntansi, 3(2), 229–240. https://doi.org/10.61132/rimba.v3i2.1760
Castaldo, S., Grosso, M., Mallarini, E., & Rindone, M. (2016). The missing path to gain customers loyalty in pharmacy retail: The role of the store in developing satisfaction and trust. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 12(5), 699-712.
Chuenyindee, T., Ong, A. K. S., Ramos, J. P., Prasetyo, Y. T., Nadlifatin, R., Kurata, Y. B., & Sittiwatethanasiri, T. (2022). Public utility vehicle service quality and customer satisfaction in the Philippines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Utilities Policy, 75, 101336.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2022.101336
Cuesta-Valiño, P., Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, P., & Núñez-Barriopedro, E. (2022). The role of consumer happiness in brand loyalty: A model of satisfaction and brand image in fashion. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 22(3), 458–473.
Druică, E., Ianole-Călin, R., Băicuș, C., & Dinescu, R. (2021, May). Determinants of satisfaction with services, and trust in the information received in community pharmacies: A comparative analysis to foster pharmaceutical care adoption. In Healthcare (Vol. 9, No. 5, p. 562).
Fatimah, F., & Tyas, W. M. (2022). Service quality strategy based on sustainable marketing to increase consumer loyalty to SMEs in rural areas. International Social Sciences and Humanities, 1 (2), 285–300.
Gregurec, I. (2025, June). Sustainable digital marketing: a systematic review and content analysis of current research. In DIEM: Dubrovnik International Economic Meeting 10 (1), pp. 51-61.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
Hameed, Z., Naeem, R. M., Mishra, P., Chotia, V., & Malibari, A. (2023). Ethical leadership and
environmental performance: The role of green it capital, green technology innovation, and technological orientation. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 194, 122739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122739
Han, J., Zuo, Y., Law, R., Chen, S., & Zhang, M. (2021). Service quality in tourism public health: trust, satisfaction, and loyalty. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 731279.https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.731279
Indarwati, T. A. (2025, August). Navigating digital frontiers: a systematic literature review of digital marketing strategies in SMEs across emerging and developed economies (2015 –2025). In International Conference on Digital Business Innovation and Technology Management (ICONBIT) 1(2).
Jai, T. C., Tong, X., & Chen, H. S. (2022). Building brand loyalty on social media: Theories, measurements, antecedents, and consequences. Journal of Brand Management, 29(1), 35–57.
Karimi, S., Liobikienė, G., & Alitavakoli, F. (2022). The effect of religiosity on proenvironmental behavior based on the theory of planned behavior: A cross-sectional study among Iranian rural female facilitators. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 745019. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.745019
Khalufi, N. A. M., Sheikh, R. A., Khan, S. M. F. A., & Onn, C. W. (2025). Evaluating the Impact of sustainability practices on customer relationship quality: an SEM-PLS Approach to align with SDG. Sustainability (2071-1050), 17(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020798
Madueke, C. J., & Eyupoglu, S. (2024). Sustaining economic growth: e-service quality’s role in fostering customer loyalty in Nigeria SMEs. Sustainability, 16(21), 9175. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16219175
Morgan, R. M., & Hunt, S. D. (1994). The commitment-trust theory of relationship marketing.
Journal of marketing, 58(3), 20-38. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299405800302
Mujianto, M., Hartoyo, H., Nurmalina, R., & Yusuf, E. Z. (2023). The unraveling loyalty model of traditional retail to suppliers for business sustainability in the digital transformation era: Insight from MSMEs in Indonesia. Sustainability, 15(3), 2827.https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032827
Ngo, M. V., & Nguyen, H. H. (2016). The relationship between service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty: An investigation in the Vietnamese retail banking sector. Journal of Competitiveness.
Odoom, R., Odoom, P. T., Amu, P. Y., & Adams, M. (2025). Sustainable digital marketing practices and consumer brand engagement – a brand reputation mediation investigation. Journal of Strategic Marketing, https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2025.2453690
Orellano, A., Valor, C., & Chuvieco, E. (2020). The influence of religion on sustainable consumption: a systematic review and future research agenda. Sustainability, 12 (19), 7901. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12197901
Parasuraman, A. B. L. L., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. (1988). SERVQUAL: A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality. 1988, 64(1), 12-40.
Prieto-Sandoval, V., Torres-Guevara, L. E., & García-Díaz, C. (2022). Green marketing innovation: Opportunities from an environmental education analysis in young consumers. Journal of Cleaner Production, 363,132509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.13250
Rajagukguk, W., Samosir, O. B., Rajagukguk, J., & Rajagukguk, H. E. (2024). Service quality and supply chain value on customer loyalty: The role of customer relationship management. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 12.
Rastogi, T., Agarwal, B., & Gopal, G. (2024). Exploring the nexus between sustainable marketing and customer loyalty with the mediating role of brand image. Journal of Cleaner Production, 440, 140808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140808
Risdwiyanto, A., Sulaeman, M. M., & Rachman, A. (2023). Sustainable digital marketing strategy for long-term growth of msmes. Journal of Contemporary Administration and Management (ADMAN), 1(3), 180-186. https://doi.org/10.61100/adman.v1i3.70
Sagala, G. H., & Őri, D. (2024). Toward SMEs digital transformation success: a systematic literature review. Information Systems and e-Business Management, 22(4), 667-719. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10257-024-00682-2
Sharabati, A. A. A., Ali, A. A. A., Allahham, M. I., Hussein, A. A., Alheet, A. F., & Mohammad, A. S. (2024). The impact of digital marketing on the performance of SMEs: An analytical study in light of modern digital transformations. Sustainability, 16(19), 8667. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16198667
Sharma, V., Jangir, K., Gupta, M., & Rupeika-Apoga, R. (2024). Does service quality matter in FinTech payment services? An integrated SERVQUAL and TAM approach. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 4(2), 100252.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2024.100252
Shie, A. J., Huang, Y. F., Li, G. Y., Lyu, W. Y., Yang, M., Dai, Y. Y., ... & Wu, Y. J. (2022). Exploring the relationship between hospital service quality, patient trust, and loyalty from a service encounter perspective in the elderly with chronic diseases. Frontiers in public health, 10, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.876266
Tambunan, S. T. B. (2023). Unboxing SERVQUAL: SQuID Inside!. Unboxing SERVQUAL: SQuID Inside!, 13(2), 1-20.
Tegambwage, A. G., & Kasoga, P. S. (2025). The role of individual dimensions of business relationship quality and business customer value in building loyalty in microfinance. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14(1), 19.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-025-00474-z
Trung, P. N. (2024). Providing public services in the context of digital transformation from the theory of the citizen-centered local governance model. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation, 5(3), 19-26.
White, K., Cakanlar, A., Sethi, S., & Trudel, R. (2025). The past, present, and future of sustainability marketing: How did we get here and where might we go?. Journal of Business Research, 187, 115056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2024.115056
Yesitadewi, V. I., & Widodo, T. (2024). The influence of service quality, perceived value, and trust on customer loyalty via customer satisfaction in deliveree Indonesia. Quality, 25 (198), 418. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/25.198.44
Zhang, C., Teng, W., & Liu, Z. (2025). Does managerial short-termism affect corporate social responsibility?. Finance Research Letters, 73,
106581.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2024.106581
Zuo, W., Bai, W., Zhu, W., He, X., & Qiu, X. (2022). Changes in service quality of sharing accommodation: Evidence from airbnb. Technology in Society, 71, 102092.