Main Article Content
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh likuiditas, struktur modal, dan profitabilitas terhadap transformasi digital pada perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2020–2024. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi linier berganda untuk menguji pengaruh parsial maupun simultan variabel independen terhadap transformasi digital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa likuiditas (LDR) dan profitabilitas (ROA) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap transformasi digital, sementara struktur modal (DAR) tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Analisis simultan juga memperlihatkan bahwa gabungan ketiga variabel memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap transformasi digital, menegaskan bahwa keberhasilan digitalisasi lebih ditentukan oleh kapasitas internal bank, khususnya likuiditas dan profitabilitas. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya pengelolaan modal internal, pemeliharaan likuiditas yang sehat, dan strategi peningkatan profitabilitas sebagai fondasi percepatan transformasi digital. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi bagi literatur manajemen keuangan dan digitalisasi perbankan serta dapat menjadi panduan bagi regulator dan manajemen bank dalam merancang strategi digitalisasi yang efektif.
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References
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- Alfons, S. K., & Pandin, M. Y. R. (2025). The Influence of Digital Banking, Company Characteristics and Capital Structure on Banking Financial Resilience.Indonesian Journal Economic Review, 5(2), 121-131. https://doi.org/10.59431/ijer.v5i2.574
- Alhassan, A. L., & Biekpe, N. (2020). Profitability and digital banking adoption in African commercial banks. Journal of Financial Services Research, 58(3), 431–454. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10693-020-00323-4
- Anton, A., Bela, Y., Krisantanu Splendid, J. H., Lestari, H. S., & Leon, F. M. (2024). Factors influencing the digital transformation of non-financial companies. Jurnal Ekonomi, 29(3), 401–420. https://doi.org/10.24912/je.v29i3.2388
- Aryasari, M., & Usman, B. (2024). Exploring the Impact of Digital Transformation and Banking Factors on the Financial Performance of Conventional Banks Listed on the
- Indonesian Stock Exchange. Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis & Enterpreneurship, 18(2), 733-756. https://doi.org/10.55208/2hsj1z86
- Atasyadila, H. & Muchlis. (2021). Pengaruh Digital Banking Terhadap Profitabilitas dan Efisiensi Operasional Perbankan. STIE Indonesia Banking School.
- Avianto, W., Sembel, R., & Adler, H. M. (2022). The Impact of Capital Structure on Digital Bank Valuation in Indonesia. Journal of Economics, Finance and Accounting Studies, 4(4), 211-219. https://doi.org/10.32996/JEFAS
- Bahtiar, A. S., & Karim, A. (2021). The Role of BUMDes in Sustainable Economic Development at Enrekang Regency. Journal of Logistics, Informatics and Service Science, 1, 117-132. DOI:10.33168/LISS.2021.0108
- Barney, J. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
- Chahyono, Azis, M., & Karim, A. (2025). Production, innovation, and creativity management model of MSMEs F&B service in Makassar City, Indonesia. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 15(5), 811–844. https://doi.org/10.55493/5002.v15i5.5396
- Chahyono., Karim, A., Ruslan, M., & Idris, M. (2024). Work Engagement and Person-Job Fit as Catalysts for Employee Performance Excellence in Indonesia’s Agricultural Domain. Journal of Logistics, Informatics and Service Science, 11(10), 86-113. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.33168/JLISS.2024.1006
- Daeli, E. C., & Wedari, L. K. (2025). Exploring the Digital Transformation Impacts on Bank Profitability in Indonesia: A Textual and Sentiment Analysis Approach. Journal "Banks and Bank Systems", 20(1), 271-281. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.20(1).2025.22
- Daga, R., Karim, A., Nawir, F., Lutfi, A., & Jumady, E. (2024). Analysis of Social Media Marketing Technology and Online-Based Consumer Purchase Interest in South Sulawesi. Quality–Access to Success, 25(199), 330-337. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/25.199.36
- Dewi, R., Azis, M., Rauf, A., Sahabuddin, R., & Karim, A. (2022). Empowering communities on the feasibility of local chicken livestock business in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. SPECIALUSIS UGDYMAS/SPECIAL EDUCATION, 11034-11045.
- Febriansyah, W., & Ermawati, W. J. (2025). Digital Transformation and Bank Performance: The Moderating Role of Risk in Indonesian Commercial Banks. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia, 10(2), 161-173. https://doi.org/10.23917/reaksi.v10i2.11828
- Ghofar, A., & Kusumadewi, A. W. (2025). Does Firm Size Strengthen the Relationship between Digital Transformation and Capital Structure? A case in ASEAN nations. Cogent Business & Management, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2025.2570503
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- Hasniati, H., Indriasari, D. P., Sirajuddin, A., & Karim, A. (2023). The Decision of Women in Makassar City to Be Entrepreneurs. Binus Business Review, 14(1), 85-98. https://doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v14i1.8936
- Helmy Rasyid, M. (2020). Pembelajaran Puisi Secara Daring dengan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Aplikasi TikTok di Kelas X SMA Negeri 3 Pati. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Teknologi, 10(1), 45-56.
- Hidayat, N., Anshari, M., & Setiawan, R. (2024). Digitalization and Diversification Strategies for Effective Bank Liquidity Management in Emerging Markets. Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology, 8(6), 559-571. DOI:10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2128
- Indonesia Monetary Policy Report Q4 2023. (2024). Bank Indonesia. https://www.bi.go.id/en/publikasi/laporan/Documents/Monetary-Policy-Report- Quarter-IV-2023.pdf
- Jameaba, M. S. (2024). Digitalization, Emerging Technologies, and Financial Stability: Challenges and Opportunities for the Indonesian Banking Sector. Master Program in Public Policy and Administration Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM)
- Kalashyan, G. (2025). The impact of intangible assets on company performance in Georgia. Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting, 17(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.5296/ajfa.v17i1.18994
- Karim, A., Ahmad, A., & Hawing, H. (2025). The Effect of Word Discipline and Giving Rewards on Employee Performance at PT Inhutani I Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan. Economics and Digital Business Review, 6(1), 558-566.
- Karim, A., Ahmad, A., & Syamsuddin, I. (2024). An empirical study on the impact of village fund on economic growth and poverty alleviation. Journal of Logistics, Informatics and Service Science, 11(9), 333-352. http://dx.doi.org/10.33168/JLISS.2024.0921
- Karim, A., Ahmad, A., Remmang, H., & Chahyono. (2025). Implementation of green marketing, quality brand consumer behavior, and impact purchase decisions for precious metal products. International Journal of Management and Sustainability, 14(2), 374–391. https://doi.org/10.18488/11.v14i2.4192
- Karim, A., Asrianto, A., Ruslan, M., & Said, M. (2023). Gojek Accelerate Economic Recovery Through the Digitalization of MSMEs in Makassar. The Winners, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v24i1.9388
- Karim, A., Musa, C. I., Sahabuddin, R., & Azis, M. (2021). The Increase of Rural Economy at Baraka Sub-District through Village Funds. The Winners, 22(1), 89-95. https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v22i1.7013
- Karim, A., Ruslan, M. ., Chahyono, C., Yunus, M. K. ., & Ahmad, A. . (2024). Fintech P2P Lending in Increasing People’s Purchasing Power in South Sulawesi Province. Journal The Winners. Retrieved from https://journal.binus.ac.id/index.php/winners/article/view/12059
- Lazuardi, J., Muktiyanto, A., & Budiyanti, H. (2023). Analysis of the influence of digital banks on bank profitability. Jurnal Ilmu Keuangan dan Perbankan (JIKA), 12(2), 171-180. https://doi.org/10.34010/jika.v12i2.9517
- Li, J., & Li, Z. (2025). Mechanisms of corporate digital transformation on asymmetric capital structure adjustment—the mediating role of information asymmetry and financial stability. Heliyon, 11(3), e41745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e41745
- Lu, W., Zhao, X., & Wan, L. (2025). Analysis of the impact of bank digitization process on liquidity creation and risk-taking. Finance Research Letters, vol 79 (C). DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2025.107234
- Mardhika, B. A. P., & Marpaung, J. N. (2025). The Influence of Digital Transformation on Risk-Taking in Commercial Banks in Indonesia Using Text Mining. Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies , 5(9), 11014–11033. https://doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v5i9.51379
- Megananda, T. B., & Afrizal, S. H. (2025). Analisis dampak digitalisasi perbankan terhadap profitabilitas bank konvensional di Indonesia: The impact of banking digitalization on the profitability of conventional banks in Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen dan Bisnis, 2(2).
- Musau, S. (2022). The effect of digital banking on liquidity risk in Kenyan commercial banks. Stratford Journal of Accounting. Stratford Peer Review Journlas&Books, 6(2), 121-132. https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t5079
- Nguyen, T. H. (2021). Digitalization and bank performance: The role of profitability in Southeast Asian banks. Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting, 13(2), 145– 164. https://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/ajfa/article/view/19433
- Pertiwi, S. N., Jamaludin, J., Wicaksono, I. H., Lestari, H. S., & Leon, F. M. (2023). The Effect of Digitization Transformation on Financial Performance: A Case Study of Banking Companies in Indonesia. Journal Research of Social Science, Economics,
- and Management, 3(3), 620-635. https://doi.org/10.59141/jrssem.v3i3.547
- Rahagi, M. R. (2024). Determining Factors of Digital Banking Profitability in Indonesia.
- Role of Digital Transformation on Digital Business Model Banks. (2022). Sustainability. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/23/16293
- Shanti, R., Siregar, H., & Zulbainarni, N. (2024). Revolutionizing Banking: Neobanks’ Digital Transformation for Enhanced Efficiency. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 17(5), 188; https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17050188
- Sugihyanto, T., & Arsjah, R. J. (2023). The Effect of Digital Banking, Digital Transformation on the Efficiency of Commercial Banks in Indonesia. Internasional Journal of Islamic Education,Research and Muliticulturalism, 5(2),387-408. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47006/ijierm.v5i2.242
- Sutanto, A., Febriansyah, W., & Ermawati, W. J. (2024). Digital Transformation and State- Owned Bank’s Performance: The Moderating Effect of Risk Preference. Riset Ekonomi Pembangunan, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.31002/rep.v9i1.1556
- Tamami, A. J., Irawan, T., & Indrawan, D. (2022). Financial Performance Evaluation Between Traditional Bank and Digital Bank During Digital Transformation: Evidence From Indonesia. Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis dan Manajemen, 11(1) https://doi.org/10.17358/jabm.11.1.176
- Wahyuni, N., Kahfi, Z., Karim, A., & Rahim, S. (2025). Disclosure of sustainability reports of financial performance of textile and garment manufacturing companies on the Indonesia stock exchange. International Journal of Management and Sustainability, 14(2), 464–480. https://doi.org/10.18488/11.v14i2.4198
- Wahyuni, N., Kalsum, U., Asmara, Y., & Karim, A. (2022). Activity-Based Costing Method as an Effort to Increase Profitability. Jurnal ASET (Akuntansi Riset), 14(2), 297-312. https://doi.org/10.17509/jaset.v14i2.45642
- Wen, W., & Liang, Y. (2025). Digital transformation and liquidity creation in commercial banks: Evidence from the Chinese banking industry. PLoS ONE. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0318785
- Zahara, S., & Zulvia, Y. (2025). Pengaruh transformasi digital dan profitabilitas terhadap struktur modal pada perusahaan infrastruktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Journal of Accounting and Finance Management, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.38035/jafm.v6i4.2343
References
Abduh, T., Remmang, H., Abubakar, H., & Karim, A. (2024). Entrepreneurship and MSME market orientation toward creative industries: Society Era 5.0 in Makassar city. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 14(2), 76-87. https://doi.org/10.55493/5002.v14i2.4964
Alfons, S. K., & Pandin, M. Y. R. (2025). The Influence of Digital Banking, Company Characteristics and Capital Structure on Banking Financial Resilience.Indonesian Journal Economic Review, 5(2), 121-131. https://doi.org/10.59431/ijer.v5i2.574
Alhassan, A. L., & Biekpe, N. (2020). Profitability and digital banking adoption in African commercial banks. Journal of Financial Services Research, 58(3), 431–454. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10693-020-00323-4
Anton, A., Bela, Y., Krisantanu Splendid, J. H., Lestari, H. S., & Leon, F. M. (2024). Factors influencing the digital transformation of non-financial companies. Jurnal Ekonomi, 29(3), 401–420. https://doi.org/10.24912/je.v29i3.2388
Aryasari, M., & Usman, B. (2024). Exploring the Impact of Digital Transformation and Banking Factors on the Financial Performance of Conventional Banks Listed on the
Indonesian Stock Exchange. Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis & Enterpreneurship, 18(2), 733-756. https://doi.org/10.55208/2hsj1z86
Atasyadila, H. & Muchlis. (2021). Pengaruh Digital Banking Terhadap Profitabilitas dan Efisiensi Operasional Perbankan. STIE Indonesia Banking School.
Avianto, W., Sembel, R., & Adler, H. M. (2022). The Impact of Capital Structure on Digital Bank Valuation in Indonesia. Journal of Economics, Finance and Accounting Studies, 4(4), 211-219. https://doi.org/10.32996/JEFAS
Bahtiar, A. S., & Karim, A. (2021). The Role of BUMDes in Sustainable Economic Development at Enrekang Regency. Journal of Logistics, Informatics and Service Science, 1, 117-132. DOI:10.33168/LISS.2021.0108
Barney, J. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
Chahyono, Azis, M., & Karim, A. (2025). Production, innovation, and creativity management model of MSMEs F&B service in Makassar City, Indonesia. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 15(5), 811–844. https://doi.org/10.55493/5002.v15i5.5396
Chahyono., Karim, A., Ruslan, M., & Idris, M. (2024). Work Engagement and Person-Job Fit as Catalysts for Employee Performance Excellence in Indonesia’s Agricultural Domain. Journal of Logistics, Informatics and Service Science, 11(10), 86-113. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.33168/JLISS.2024.1006
Daeli, E. C., & Wedari, L. K. (2025). Exploring the Digital Transformation Impacts on Bank Profitability in Indonesia: A Textual and Sentiment Analysis Approach. Journal "Banks and Bank Systems", 20(1), 271-281. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.20(1).2025.22
Daga, R., Karim, A., Nawir, F., Lutfi, A., & Jumady, E. (2024). Analysis of Social Media Marketing Technology and Online-Based Consumer Purchase Interest in South Sulawesi. Quality–Access to Success, 25(199), 330-337. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/25.199.36
Dewi, R., Azis, M., Rauf, A., Sahabuddin, R., & Karim, A. (2022). Empowering communities on the feasibility of local chicken livestock business in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. SPECIALUSIS UGDYMAS/SPECIAL EDUCATION, 11034-11045.
Febriansyah, W., & Ermawati, W. J. (2025). Digital Transformation and Bank Performance: The Moderating Role of Risk in Indonesian Commercial Banks. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia, 10(2), 161-173. https://doi.org/10.23917/reaksi.v10i2.11828
Ghofar, A., & Kusumadewi, A. W. (2025). Does Firm Size Strengthen the Relationship between Digital Transformation and Capital Structure? A case in ASEAN nations. Cogent Business & Management, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2025.2570503
Haryono, J. J., & Widiyanti, D. R. (2024). Analisis pengaruh digital banking terhadap profitabilitas bank. Contemporary Studies in Economic, Finance and Banking, 3 (1), 215–234. https://doi.org/10.21776/csefb.2023.03.1.1
Hasniati, H., Indriasari, D. P., Sirajuddin, A., & Karim, A. (2023). The Decision of Women in Makassar City to Be Entrepreneurs. Binus Business Review, 14(1), 85-98. https://doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v14i1.8936
Helmy Rasyid, M. (2020). Pembelajaran Puisi Secara Daring dengan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Aplikasi TikTok di Kelas X SMA Negeri 3 Pati. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Teknologi, 10(1), 45-56.
Hidayat, N., Anshari, M., & Setiawan, R. (2024). Digitalization and Diversification Strategies for Effective Bank Liquidity Management in Emerging Markets. Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology, 8(6), 559-571. DOI:10.55214/25768484.v8i6.2128
Indonesia Monetary Policy Report Q4 2023. (2024). Bank Indonesia. https://www.bi.go.id/en/publikasi/laporan/Documents/Monetary-Policy-Report- Quarter-IV-2023.pdf
Jameaba, M. S. (2024). Digitalization, Emerging Technologies, and Financial Stability: Challenges and Opportunities for the Indonesian Banking Sector. Master Program in Public Policy and Administration Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM)
Kalashyan, G. (2025). The impact of intangible assets on company performance in Georgia. Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting, 17(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.5296/ajfa.v17i1.18994
Karim, A., Ahmad, A., & Hawing, H. (2025). The Effect of Word Discipline and Giving Rewards on Employee Performance at PT Inhutani I Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan. Economics and Digital Business Review, 6(1), 558-566.
Karim, A., Ahmad, A., & Syamsuddin, I. (2024). An empirical study on the impact of village fund on economic growth and poverty alleviation. Journal of Logistics, Informatics and Service Science, 11(9), 333-352. http://dx.doi.org/10.33168/JLISS.2024.0921
Karim, A., Ahmad, A., Remmang, H., & Chahyono. (2025). Implementation of green marketing, quality brand consumer behavior, and impact purchase decisions for precious metal products. International Journal of Management and Sustainability, 14(2), 374–391. https://doi.org/10.18488/11.v14i2.4192
Karim, A., Asrianto, A., Ruslan, M., & Said, M. (2023). Gojek Accelerate Economic Recovery Through the Digitalization of MSMEs in Makassar. The Winners, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v24i1.9388
Karim, A., Musa, C. I., Sahabuddin, R., & Azis, M. (2021). The Increase of Rural Economy at Baraka Sub-District through Village Funds. The Winners, 22(1), 89-95. https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v22i1.7013
Karim, A., Ruslan, M. ., Chahyono, C., Yunus, M. K. ., & Ahmad, A. . (2024). Fintech P2P Lending in Increasing People’s Purchasing Power in South Sulawesi Province. Journal The Winners. Retrieved from https://journal.binus.ac.id/index.php/winners/article/view/12059
Lazuardi, J., Muktiyanto, A., & Budiyanti, H. (2023). Analysis of the influence of digital banks on bank profitability. Jurnal Ilmu Keuangan dan Perbankan (JIKA), 12(2), 171-180. https://doi.org/10.34010/jika.v12i2.9517
Li, J., & Li, Z. (2025). Mechanisms of corporate digital transformation on asymmetric capital structure adjustment—the mediating role of information asymmetry and financial stability. Heliyon, 11(3), e41745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e41745
Lu, W., Zhao, X., & Wan, L. (2025). Analysis of the impact of bank digitization process on liquidity creation and risk-taking. Finance Research Letters, vol 79 (C). DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2025.107234
Mardhika, B. A. P., & Marpaung, J. N. (2025). The Influence of Digital Transformation on Risk-Taking in Commercial Banks in Indonesia Using Text Mining. Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies , 5(9), 11014–11033. https://doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v5i9.51379
Megananda, T. B., & Afrizal, S. H. (2025). Analisis dampak digitalisasi perbankan terhadap profitabilitas bank konvensional di Indonesia: The impact of banking digitalization on the profitability of conventional banks in Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen dan Bisnis, 2(2).
Musau, S. (2022). The effect of digital banking on liquidity risk in Kenyan commercial banks. Stratford Journal of Accounting. Stratford Peer Review Journlas&Books, 6(2), 121-132. https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t5079
Nguyen, T. H. (2021). Digitalization and bank performance: The role of profitability in Southeast Asian banks. Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting, 13(2), 145– 164. https://www.macrothink.org/journal/index.php/ajfa/article/view/19433
Pertiwi, S. N., Jamaludin, J., Wicaksono, I. H., Lestari, H. S., & Leon, F. M. (2023). The Effect of Digitization Transformation on Financial Performance: A Case Study of Banking Companies in Indonesia. Journal Research of Social Science, Economics,
and Management, 3(3), 620-635. https://doi.org/10.59141/jrssem.v3i3.547
Rahagi, M. R. (2024). Determining Factors of Digital Banking Profitability in Indonesia.
Role of Digital Transformation on Digital Business Model Banks. (2022). Sustainability. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/23/16293
Shanti, R., Siregar, H., & Zulbainarni, N. (2024). Revolutionizing Banking: Neobanks’ Digital Transformation for Enhanced Efficiency. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 17(5), 188; https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17050188
Sugihyanto, T., & Arsjah, R. J. (2023). The Effect of Digital Banking, Digital Transformation on the Efficiency of Commercial Banks in Indonesia. Internasional Journal of Islamic Education,Research and Muliticulturalism, 5(2),387-408. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47006/ijierm.v5i2.242
Sutanto, A., Febriansyah, W., & Ermawati, W. J. (2024). Digital Transformation and State- Owned Bank’s Performance: The Moderating Effect of Risk Preference. Riset Ekonomi Pembangunan, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.31002/rep.v9i1.1556
Tamami, A. J., Irawan, T., & Indrawan, D. (2022). Financial Performance Evaluation Between Traditional Bank and Digital Bank During Digital Transformation: Evidence From Indonesia. Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis dan Manajemen, 11(1) https://doi.org/10.17358/jabm.11.1.176
Wahyuni, N., Kahfi, Z., Karim, A., & Rahim, S. (2025). Disclosure of sustainability reports of financial performance of textile and garment manufacturing companies on the Indonesia stock exchange. International Journal of Management and Sustainability, 14(2), 464–480. https://doi.org/10.18488/11.v14i2.4198
Wahyuni, N., Kalsum, U., Asmara, Y., & Karim, A. (2022). Activity-Based Costing Method as an Effort to Increase Profitability. Jurnal ASET (Akuntansi Riset), 14(2), 297-312. https://doi.org/10.17509/jaset.v14i2.45642
Wen, W., & Liang, Y. (2025). Digital transformation and liquidity creation in commercial banks: Evidence from the Chinese banking industry. PLoS ONE. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0318785
Zahara, S., & Zulvia, Y. (2025). Pengaruh transformasi digital dan profitabilitas terhadap struktur modal pada perusahaan infrastruktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Journal of Accounting and Finance Management, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.38035/jafm.v6i4.2343