Main Article Content
Abstract
Transformasi digital membawa perubahan signifikan dalam praktik manajemen sumber daya manusia, termasuk tantangan dalam mempertahankan karyawan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meninjau literatur terkait retensi karyawan di era digital, dengan fokus pada faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi loyalitas, keterikatan, dan keinginan bertahan dalam organisasi. Kajian ini menggunakan metode literature review dengan menelaah artikel nasional dan internasional yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2019 hingga 2025. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa faktor utama retensi karyawan di era digital meliputi keterlibatan karyawan, pengembangan karier berbasis digital, kompensasi kompetitif, budaya organisasi yang adaptif, serta kepemimpinan digital. Kajian ini juga menyoroti pentingnya pemanfaatan teknologi HR digital dan employer branding online dalam meningkatkan retensi. Implikasi praktis penelitian ini adalah organisasi perlu mengintegrasikan strategi retensi dengan transformasi digital agar mampu menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang inklusif, fleksibel, dan berorientasi pada pengembangan sumber daya manusia.
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References
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- Al-Hussami, M., Saleh, M. Y., Hayajneh, F. A., & Abdalkader, R. H. (2020). The effect of leadership styles on nurses’ satisfaction and intention to stay among Jordanian nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 28(2), 346–356. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12929
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- Becker, G. S. (1993). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education (3rd ed.). The University of Chicago Press.
- Brown, T., & Green, P. (2020). The role of digital leadership in employee retention. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 41(6), 789–803.
- Carnevale, J. B., & Hatak, I. (2020). Employee adjustment and well-being in the era of COVID-19: Implications for human resource management. Journal of Business Research, 116, 183–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.05.037
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- Chahyono., Karim, A., Ruslan, M., & Idris, M. (2024). Work Engagement and Person-Job Fit as Catalysts for Employee Performance Excellence in Indonesia’s Agricultural Domain. Journal of Logistics, Informatics and Service Science, 11(10), 86-113. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.33168/JLISS.2024.1006
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- Hasniati, H., Indriasari, D. P., Sirajuddin, A., & Karim, A. (2023). The Decision of Women in Makassar City to Be Entrepreneurs. Binus Business Review, 14(1), 85-98. https://doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v14i1.8936
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- Mitchell, T. R., Holtom, B. C., Lee, T. W., Sablynski, C. J., & Erez, M. (2001). Why people stay: Using job embeddedness to predict voluntary turnover. Academy of Management Journal, 44(6), 1102–1121. https://doi.org/10.2307/3069391
- Muharam, A. (2017). Pengaruh keterampilan karyawan terhadap kinerja perusahaan teknologi di Indonesia. Jurnal Teknologi & Bisnis, 8(1), 44–59.
- Ochoa, G., Prieto, L., & Fainshmidt, S. (2022). The digital transformation of HR: A systematic review and research agenda. Human Resource Management Review, 32(3), 100877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2021.100877
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- Saied, M., Khan, I., & Ahmed, R. (2023). Digital transformation and human capital challenges in developing economies. Journal of Business and Management, 19(4), 87–102.
- Saks, A. M. (2021). Caring human resources management and employee engagement. Human Resource Management Review, 31(2), 100765.
- Saputra, A. (2020). Digital industry transformation and the role of AI, automation, and the internet. Jurnal Teknologi dan Masyarakat, 12(2), 45–56.
- Smith, J. (2023). Digital HRM and employee retention: A systematic review. Human Resource Management Review, 33(1), 100–120.
- Stone, D. L., Deadrick, D. L., Lukaszewski, K. M., & Johnson, R. (2015). The influence of technology on the future of human resource management. Human Resource Management Review, 25(2), 216–231.
- Sudaryo, Y. (2018). Turnover karyawan di industri teknologi Indonesia: Faktor penyebab dan solusi strategis. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Manajemen, 3(1), 88–95.
- Suprihanto, J., & Putri, A. (2021). Tantangan retensi karyawan di era digital. Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia, 12(2), 99–110.
- Supriyadi, D., Suryana, A., & Pratama, B. (2021). Budaya kerja dan retensi karyawan pada perusahaan teknologi. Jurnal Ekonomi & Manajemen, 11(3), 233–245.
- Tahir, M., Abdullah, R., & Syahputra, D. (2023). Digital skills gap and human resource management in the global era. International Journal of Digital Business, 7(1), 14–27.
- Tarique, I., & Schuler, R. S. (2018). Global talent management: Literature review, integrative framework, and suggestions for further research. Journal of World Business, 53(2), 125–137.
- Wahyuni, N., Kahfi, Z., Karim, A., & Rahim, S. (2025). Disclosure of sustainability reports of financial performance of textile and garment manufacturing companies on the Indonesia stock exchange. International Journal of Management and Sustainability, 14(2), 464–480. https://doi.org/10.18488/11.v14i2.4198
- Wahyuni, N., Kalsum, U., Asmara, Y., & Karim, A. (2022). Activity-Based Costing Method as an Effort to Increase Profitability. Jurnal ASET (Akuntansi Riset), 14(2), 297-312. https://doi.org/10.17509/jaset.v14i2.45642
- Winarno, A., Aris, A., Yunita, Y., Aryana, A., & Setyawan, B. (2023). Talent retention challenges in Indonesian digital companies. Jurnal Bisnis Digital, 5(2), 77–91.
- World Economic Forum. (2020). The future of jobs report 2020. Geneva: World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-future-of-jobs-report-2020
- Wright, P. M., & Ulrich, M. D. (2017). A road well traveled: The past, present, and future journey of strategic human resource management. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 4, 45–65.
- Zhang, Y., Li, H., & Chen, W. (2022). Employee engagement and retention in the digital era. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 12(4), 55–72.
References
Abduh, T., Remmang, H., Abubakar, H., & Karim, A. (2024). Entrepreneurship and MSME market orientation toward creative industries: Society Era 5.0 in Makassar city. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 14(2), 76-87. https://doi.org/10.55493/5002.v14i2.4964
Al-Emadi, A. A., Schwabenland, C., & Wei, Q. (2015). The vital role of employee retention in human resource management: A literature review. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 5(3), 45–57.
Al-Hussami, M., Saleh, M. Y., Hayajneh, F. A., & Abdalkader, R. H. (2020). The effect of leadership styles on nurses’ satisfaction and intention to stay among Jordanian nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 28(2), 346–356. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12929
Ali, M., Usman, M., Pham, N. T., Agyemang-Mintah, P., & Akhtar, N. (2021). Being ignored at work: Understanding how and when spiritual leadership curbs workplace ostracism and promotes retention. Journal of Business Ethics, 174(4), 713–728. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-020-04605-6
Astuti, N., & Muhafifah, R. (2023). Soft skills dalam pengelolaan SDM di era digital. Jurnal Manajemen Digital, 5(2), 112–125.
Astuti, N., Sayudin, A., Khan, M., Hussain, S., & Umar, F. (2023). Human resource challenges in the era of technological disruption: A case of Indonesian digital firms. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 13(1), 55–70.
Bahtiar, A. S., & Karim, A. (2021). The Role of BUMDes in Sustainable Economic Development at Enrekang Regency. Journal of Logistics, Informatics and Service Science, 1, 117-132. DOI:10.33168/LISS.2021.0108
Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120.
Becker, G. S. (1993). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education (3rd ed.). The University of Chicago Press.
Brown, T., & Green, P. (2020). The role of digital leadership in employee retention. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 41(6), 789–803.
Carnevale, J. B., & Hatak, I. (2020). Employee adjustment and well-being in the era of COVID-19: Implications for human resource management. Journal of Business Research, 116, 183–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.05.037
Chahyono, Azis, M., & Karim, A. (2025). Production, innovation, and creativity management model of MSMEs F&B service in Makassar City, Indonesia. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 15(5), 811–844. https://doi.org/10.55493/5002.v15i5.5396
Chahyono., Karim, A., Ruslan, M., & Idris, M. (2024). Work Engagement and Person-Job Fit as Catalysts for Employee Performance Excellence in Indonesia’s Agricultural Domain. Journal of Logistics, Informatics and Service Science, 11(10), 86-113. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.33168/JLISS.2024.1006
Daga, R., Karim, A., Nawir, F., Lutfi, A., & Jumady, E. (2024). Analysis of Social Media Marketing Technology and Online-Based Consumer Purchase Interest in South Sulawesi. Quality–Access to Success, 25(199), 330-337. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/25.199.36
Dewi, R., Azis, M., Rauf, A., Sahabuddin, R., & Karim, A. (2022). Empowering communities on the feasibility of local chicken livestock business in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. SPECIALUSIS UGDYMAS/SPECIAL EDUCATION, 11034-11045.
Dharma, B. E. (2020). Otomatisasi dan masa depan pekerjaan: Analisis ketenagakerjaan Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Ketenagakerjaan, 12(2), 45–60.
Ghazali, H., & Salleh, A. (2021). Leadership styles and employee retention: The mediating role of organizational commitment. Journal of Management Development, 40(3), 205–220. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-01-2020-0029
Hartati, T., & Giovanni, M. (2022). Skills gap dalam pengelolaan sumber daya manusia di era digital. Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia, 14(2), 115–128.
Hasniati, H., Indriasari, D. P., Sirajuddin, A., & Karim, A. (2023). The Decision of Women in Makassar City to Be Entrepreneurs. Binus Business Review, 14(1), 85-98. https://doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v14i1.8936
Herzberg, F. (1959). The motivation to work. John Wiley & Sons.
Hidayat, A. R., & Alifah, N. (2023). Transformasi digital dan kebutuhan keterampilan tenaga kerja di era teknologi mutakhir. Jurnal Manajemen dan Teknologi, 15(2), 101–115.
Hom, P. W., Lee, T. W., Shaw, J. D., & Hausknecht, J. P. (2019). One hundred years of employee turnover theory and research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 530–545.
Iswati, S. (2023). Remote working and employee engagement: Evidence from Indonesian workers. Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis, 14(2), 201–215.
Karim, A., Ahmad, A., Remmang, H., & Chahyono. (2025). Implementation of green marketing, quality brand consumer behavior, and impact purchase decisions for precious metal products. International Journal of Management and Sustainability, 14(2), 374–391. https://doi.org/10.18488/11.v14i2.4192
Karim, A., Asrianto, A., Ruslan, M., & Said, M. (2023). Gojek Accelerate Economic Recovery Through the Digitalization of MSMEs in Makassar. The Winners, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v24i1.9388
Karim, A., Desi, N., & Ahmad, A. (2022). Regional Public Water Company Business Plan for Sustainable Economic in Makassar City, Indonesia. Specialusis Ugdymas, 1(43), 10864-10876.
Karim, A., Musa, C. I., Sahabuddin, R., & Azis, M. (2021). The Increase of Rural Economy at Baraka Sub-District through Village Funds. The Winners, 22(1), 89-95. https://doi.org/10.21512/tw.v22i1.7013
Karim, A., Ruslan, M. ., Chahyono, C., Yunus, M. K. ., & Ahmad, A. . (2024). Fintech P2P Lending in Increasing People’s Purchasing Power in South Sulawesi Province. Journal The Winners. Retrieved from https://journal.binus.ac.id/index.php/winners/article/view/12059
Kaur, R. (2017). Employee retention models and factors affecting employees retention in IT companies. International Journal of Business Administration, 8(4), 1–8.
LinkedIn. (2022). Global Talent Trends Report 2022. LinkedIn Corporation.
Memon, M. A., Salleh, R., Baharom, M. N. R., & Harun, H. (2020). Employee retention research: A review of selected studies. Global Business and Management Research, 12(1), 48–59.
Mitchell, T. R., Holtom, B. C., Lee, T. W., Sablynski, C. J., & Erez, M. (2001). Why people stay: Using job embeddedness to predict voluntary turnover. Academy of Management Journal, 44(6), 1102–1121. https://doi.org/10.2307/3069391
Muharam, A. (2017). Pengaruh keterampilan karyawan terhadap kinerja perusahaan teknologi di Indonesia. Jurnal Teknologi & Bisnis, 8(1), 44–59.
Ochoa, G., Prieto, L., & Fainshmidt, S. (2022). The digital transformation of HR: A systematic review and research agenda. Human Resource Management Review, 32(3), 100877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2021.100877
Priyashantha, K. G., Samarakoon, S. M., & Gamage, S. (2023). Digital HRM and employee experience: An empirical study of IT firms. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Development, 11(1), 15–30. https://doi.org/10.4236/jhrss.2023.111002
Rani, N., & Mishra, V. (2019). Work-life balance and employee retention in the digital era. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 9(3), 150–165.
Rani, U., & Reddy, M. (2019). Impact of work-life balance on employee retention: A study on IT professionals. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 9(1), 199–213. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v9i1.14251
Saied, M., Khan, I., & Ahmed, R. (2023). Digital transformation and human capital challenges in developing economies. Journal of Business and Management, 19(4), 87–102.
Saks, A. M. (2021). Caring human resources management and employee engagement. Human Resource Management Review, 31(2), 100765.
Saputra, A. (2020). Digital industry transformation and the role of AI, automation, and the internet. Jurnal Teknologi dan Masyarakat, 12(2), 45–56.
Smith, J. (2023). Digital HRM and employee retention: A systematic review. Human Resource Management Review, 33(1), 100–120.
Stone, D. L., Deadrick, D. L., Lukaszewski, K. M., & Johnson, R. (2015). The influence of technology on the future of human resource management. Human Resource Management Review, 25(2), 216–231.
Sudaryo, Y. (2018). Turnover karyawan di industri teknologi Indonesia: Faktor penyebab dan solusi strategis. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Manajemen, 3(1), 88–95.
Suprihanto, J., & Putri, A. (2021). Tantangan retensi karyawan di era digital. Jurnal Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia, 12(2), 99–110.
Supriyadi, D., Suryana, A., & Pratama, B. (2021). Budaya kerja dan retensi karyawan pada perusahaan teknologi. Jurnal Ekonomi & Manajemen, 11(3), 233–245.
Tahir, M., Abdullah, R., & Syahputra, D. (2023). Digital skills gap and human resource management in the global era. International Journal of Digital Business, 7(1), 14–27.
Tarique, I., & Schuler, R. S. (2018). Global talent management: Literature review, integrative framework, and suggestions for further research. Journal of World Business, 53(2), 125–137.
Wahyuni, N., Kahfi, Z., Karim, A., & Rahim, S. (2025). Disclosure of sustainability reports of financial performance of textile and garment manufacturing companies on the Indonesia stock exchange. International Journal of Management and Sustainability, 14(2), 464–480. https://doi.org/10.18488/11.v14i2.4198
Wahyuni, N., Kalsum, U., Asmara, Y., & Karim, A. (2022). Activity-Based Costing Method as an Effort to Increase Profitability. Jurnal ASET (Akuntansi Riset), 14(2), 297-312. https://doi.org/10.17509/jaset.v14i2.45642
Winarno, A., Aris, A., Yunita, Y., Aryana, A., & Setyawan, B. (2023). Talent retention challenges in Indonesian digital companies. Jurnal Bisnis Digital, 5(2), 77–91.
World Economic Forum. (2020). The future of jobs report 2020. Geneva: World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-future-of-jobs-report-2020
Wright, P. M., & Ulrich, M. D. (2017). A road well traveled: The past, present, and future journey of strategic human resource management. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 4, 45–65.
Zhang, Y., Li, H., & Chen, W. (2022). Employee engagement and retention in the digital era. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 12(4), 55–72.