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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tantangan dan peluang yang dihadapi oleh Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) dalam pengelolaan keuangan di era persaingan global, serta mengeksplorasi pengaruh penggunaan teknologi keuangan (fintech) terhadap profitabilitas UMKM. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif dan eksploratif, mengumpulkan data melalui survei terhadap 200-300 responden dari berbagai sektor UMKM di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tantangan utama yang dihadapi UMKM meliputi rendahnya literasi keuangan (75% responden), keterbatasan akses modal (65%), dan manajemen arus kas yang buruk (70%). Analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan fintech memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas, dengan koefisien positif sebesar 0,350 (p = 0,003). Penelitian ini menyarankan peningkatan literasi keuangan dan akses terhadap teknologi keuangan melalui program pelatihan dan kebijakan publik yang mendukung. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting bagi pembuat kebijakan dan praktisi dalam mendukung pengembangan UMKM di Indonesia.
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References
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- Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research and evaluation methods. SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483391683
- Puschmann, T. (2017). Fintech. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 59, 69–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-017-0464-6
- Robb, A. M., & Robinson, D. T. (2014). The capital structure decisions of new firms. The Review of Financial Studies, 27(1), 153-179. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hht023
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References
Abor, J., & Quartey, P. (2010). Issues in SME development in Ghana and South Africa. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 39(6), 218-228. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1594685
Ayyagari, M., Demirguc-Kunt, A., & Maksimovic, V. (2011). Small vs. young firms across the world: Contribution to employment, job creation, and growth. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, 5631. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-5631
Beck, T., Demirguc-Kunt, A., & Singer, D. (2015). Financing small and medium enterprises: The role of finance in the development of SMEs. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, 7265. https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-7265
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452911115
Denscombe, M. (2010). The good research guide: For small-scale social research projects. Open University Press. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446258094
Fatoki, O. (2014). The financial literacy of micro-entrepreneurs in South Africa. Journal of Social Sciences, 40(2), 151-158. https://doi.org/10.1080/09718923.2014.11893251
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2017). Multivariate data analysis. Pearson.
Hussain, J., Millman, C., & Matlay, H. (2006). SME financing in the UK and in China: A comparative perspective. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 13(4), 584-599. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626000610705769
Israel, M., & Hay, I. (2006). Research ethics for social scientists. SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849202130
Kiraka, R. N., Kobia, M., & Katwalo, A. M. (2013). Micro, small and medium enterprise growth and innovation in Kenya: A case study on the women's enterprise fund. Investment Climate and Business Environment Research Fund. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2353486
Kumar, R., Gupta, S., & Singh, R. (2013). Research methodology. APH Publishing Corporation. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-014-2225-4
Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2011). Financial literacy and retirement planning: Evidence from the United States. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 10(4), 509-525. https://doi.org/10.1017/S147474721100045X
Mahendra, A. M., Kartika, D., & Nuryakin, N. (2020). Determinants of SME performance: The role of entrepreneurial orientation, access to finance, and business environment. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 27(4), 581-605. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-12-2019-0409
Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research and evaluation methods. SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483391683
Puschmann, T. (2017). Fintech. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 59, 69–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-017-0464-6
Robb, A. M., & Robinson, D. T. (2014). The capital structure decisions of new firms. The Review of Financial Studies, 27(1), 153-179. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hht023
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods for business: A skill-building approach. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119257972
Storey, D. J. (2016). Understanding the small business sector. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315544335
Tambunan, T. T. H. (2019). Recent evidence of the development of micro, small and medium enterprises in Indonesia. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 9, 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-018-0140-4
Tanjung, H. (2018). The role of financial technology in improving financial inclusion in Indonesia. Asian Journal of Business and Accounting, 11(1), 101-126. https://doi.org/10.22452/ajba.vol11no1.6