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Abstract
This study aims to examine the effect of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosure on corporate financial performance, measured using Return on Assets (ROA), in companies listed in the IDX ESG Leaders Index for the 2021–2023 period. The independent variables in this study are the disclosure of Environmental, Social, and Governance aspects, while the control variables include firm size and leverage. Secondary data were obtained from annual reports and sustainability reports, resulting in 78 observations through purposive sampling. The results indicate that Environmental and Social disclosures have a positive and significant effect on financial performance, whereas Governance disclosure does not show a significant impact. Simultaneously, ESG variables significantly contribute to explaining ROA variability. This study implies that implementing sustainability principles through ESG disclosure can enhance financial performance, strengthen competitiveness, and improve legitimacy in the eyes of stakeholders. This research is expected to serve as a reference for companies, investors, and regulators in supporting sustainability implementation in the Indonesian business sector.
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References
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- Budita, D. M. S., & Fidiana. (2023). PENGARUH KINERJA ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, GOVERNANCE DAN KEKUATAN CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICERTERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Riset Akuntansi.
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- Eccles, R. G., & Klimenko, S. (2019). The investor revolution. Harvard Business Review, 97(3), 106–116. https://hbr.org/2019/05/the-investor-revolution
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- Ghozali, I. (2016). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariete Dengan Program IBM SPSS 23 (Edisi 8). Cetakan ke VIII. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
- Gujarati, D. N. (2006). Dasar-Dasar Ekonometrika Jilid 2 (Edisi 3). Erlangga.
- GRI. (2021). GRI - GRI Standards Bahasa Indonesia Translations. Globalreporting.Org. GRI - Home
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- Mulpiani, W. (2019). Pengaruh Pengungkapan Sustainability Report Terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Publik di Indonesia. Akurasi: Jurnal Studi Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 2(2), 77–90. https://doi.org/10.29303/akurasi.v2i2.s16
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- Ramadhan, M. Z., Suherman, & Kurnianti, D. (2024). Pengaruh Environmental, Social, dan Governance (ESG) Terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan pada Sektor Aneka Industri yang Terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2018-2022. Jurnal Serambi Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 7(2), 602-619. https://ojs.serambimekkah.ac.id/serambi-ekonomi-dan-bisnis/
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- Shakil, M. H. (2022). Environmental, Social and Governance Performance and Stock Price Volatility: A Moderating Role Of Firm Size. Journal of Public Affairs, 22(3), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2574
- Suchman, M. C. (1995). Managing legitimacy: Strategic and institutional approaches. The Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 571-610. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/258788
- Sugiyono, (2018). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, Dan R&D. Bandung:Alfabeta.
- Surono, S., Aisyah, S., & Kartika, D. (2023). Tata kelola perusahaan dan keberlanjutan: Kinerja triple bottom line. Jurnal Ilmu Bisnis dan Ekonomi (JIBEKA),7(1),45–60. https://journal2.upgris.ac.id/index.php/jibeka/article/view/197
- Triyani, A., Setyahuni, S. W., & Makwuna, F. D. (2021). Pengaruh Kinerja Non Keuangan (Environmental, Social, Governance) terhadap Resiko Investasi Perusahaan. JURNAL AKUNTANSI `DAN BISNIS : Jurnal Program Studi Akuntansi, 7(2), 155–165. https://doi.org/10.31289/jab.v7i2.5602
- Yoo, S., & Managi, S. (2022). Disclosure or Action: Evaluating ESG behavior towards financial performance. Finance Research Letters, 44(January). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2021.102108
- Zainab, A., & Burhany, D. I. (2020). Biaya Lingkungan, Kinerja Lingkungan, dan Kinerja Keuangan pada Perusahaan Manufaktur. Industrial Research Workshop and National Seminar, 26–27.
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References
Arifin, I. Z., & Marlius, D. (2017). Analisis Kinerja Keuangan PT. Pegadaian Cabang Ulak Karang. https://doi.org/10.31227/osf.io/n2peu
Budita, D. M. S., & Fidiana. (2023). PENGARUH KINERJA ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, GOVERNANCE DAN KEKUATAN CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICERTERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Riset Akuntansi.
Brigham, E. F., & Houston, J. F. (2022). Financial Management: Theory & Practice (16th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Eccles, R. G., & Klimenko, S. (2019). The investor revolution. Harvard Business Review, 97(3), 106–116. https://hbr.org/2019/05/the-investor-revolution
Farhana, S., & Adelina, Y. E. (2019). Relevansi Nilai Laporan Keberlanjutan di Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi Multiparadigma, 10(3), 615–628.
Ghozali. (2018). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate Dengan Pogram IBM SPSS. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Ghozali, I. (2016). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariete Dengan Program IBM SPSS 23 (Edisi 8). Cetakan ke VIII. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Gujarati, D. N. (2006). Dasar-Dasar Ekonometrika Jilid 2 (Edisi 3). Erlangga.
GRI. (2021). GRI - GRI Standards Bahasa Indonesia Translations. Globalreporting.Org. GRI - Home
Hwang, J., Kim, H., & Jung, D. (2021). The effect of ESG activities on financial performance during the COVID-19 Pandemic—Evidence from Korea. Sustainability, 13(20), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ su132011362
Husada, E. V., & Handayani, S. (2021). Pengaruh Pengungkapan ESG terhadap Kinerja keuangan Perusahaan (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Sektor Keuangan yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2017-2019). Jurnal Bina Akuntansi, 8(2), 122-144. https://doi.org/10.52859/jba.v8i2.173
Imam, Ghozali. (2021). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariat Dengan Program IBM SPSS 26 Edisi 10.
Jacek, Welc. (2022). Evaluating Corporate Financial Performance: Tools and Applications. Springer, Berlin, Germany. ISBN: 978-3-030-97581-4.
Jeanice, J., & Kim, S. S. (2023, July). EFFECTS OF ESG BEFORE AND DURING COVID-19 TO INDONESIA FIRM PERFORMANCE. In Proceeding National Conference Business, Management, and Accounting (NCBMA) (Vol. 6, pp. 115-126).
Kim, S., & Li, Z. (2021). Understanding the impact of ESG practices in corporate finance. Sustainability, 13(7), 3746.
Lee, J., & Kim, S. (2024). Financial efficiency vs. environmental impact: The role of corporate social responsibility. Sustainability, 16(1), 22-40. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16010022
Mulpiani, W. (2019). Pengaruh Pengungkapan Sustainability Report Terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan Publik di Indonesia. Akurasi: Jurnal Studi Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 2(2), 77–90. https://doi.org/10.29303/akurasi.v2i2.s16
Nasution. (2017). Metodologi Riset. Metodologi Riset.
Nikmah Dalimunthe., Azhari, A. K., Wahyudi, I. H., Aziz, M. T., Cintana, A. D., Khairunisah, K., Syahfitri, M., & Adila, P. (2023). Penerapan perjanjian kerja dalam perusahaan terhadap hak ketenagakerjaan. JURA: Jurnal Riset Akuntansi, 1(3), 83–106. https://doi.org/10.54066/jura-itb.v1i2
Nugrahani, T. S., & Artanto, D. A. (2022). Sustainability reporting by disclosing economic, social and environmental performance. Studies in Business and Economics, 17(2), 216–226. https://doi.org/10.2478/sbe-2022-0034
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2017). POJK Nomor 51/POJK.03/2017. Ojk.Go.Id. https://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/perbankan/regulasi/peraturan ojk/Pages/POJK/Penerapan-Keuangan-Berkelanjutan-bagi-Lembaga-Jasa Keuangan,-Emiten,- dan-Perusahaan-Publik.aspx
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2021). Roadmap Keuangan Berkelanjutan Tahap II (2021–2025).https://www.ojk.go.id/id/berita-dan kegiatan/publikasi/Pages/Roadmap-Keuangan-Berkelanjutan-Tahap-II-%282021-2025%29.aspx
Putri, S. R., & Mayangsari, S. (2023). Pengaruh pertanggungjawaban Environmental, Social, dan Governance (ESG), likuiditas, dan leverage terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan publik. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 5(2), 210–232. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v5i2.3327
Ramadhan, M. Z., Suherman, & Kurnianti, D. (2024). Pengaruh Environmental, Social, dan Governance (ESG) Terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan pada Sektor Aneka Industri yang Terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2018-2022. Jurnal Serambi Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 7(2), 602-619. https://ojs.serambimekkah.ac.id/serambi-ekonomi-dan-bisnis/
Widya Sari. (2021). Kinerja Keuangan. PUBLISH BUKU UNPRI PRESS ISBN, 1(1).
Shakil, M. H. (2022). Environmental, Social and Governance Performance and Stock Price Volatility: A Moderating Role Of Firm Size. Journal of Public Affairs, 22(3), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2574
Suchman, M. C. (1995). Managing legitimacy: Strategic and institutional approaches. The Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 571-610. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/258788
Sugiyono, (2018). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, Dan R&D. Bandung:Alfabeta.
Surono, S., Aisyah, S., & Kartika, D. (2023). Tata kelola perusahaan dan keberlanjutan: Kinerja triple bottom line. Jurnal Ilmu Bisnis dan Ekonomi (JIBEKA),7(1),45–60. https://journal2.upgris.ac.id/index.php/jibeka/article/view/197
Triyani, A., Setyahuni, S. W., & Makwuna, F. D. (2021). Pengaruh Kinerja Non Keuangan (Environmental, Social, Governance) terhadap Resiko Investasi Perusahaan. JURNAL AKUNTANSI `DAN BISNIS : Jurnal Program Studi Akuntansi, 7(2), 155–165. https://doi.org/10.31289/jab.v7i2.5602
Yoo, S., & Managi, S. (2022). Disclosure or Action: Evaluating ESG behavior towards financial performance. Finance Research Letters, 44(January). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2021.102108
Zainab, A., & Burhany, D. I. (2020). Biaya Lingkungan, Kinerja Lingkungan, dan Kinerja Keuangan pada Perusahaan Manufaktur. Industrial Research Workshop and National Seminar, 26–27.
Zahroh, B. M., & Hersugondo. (2021). Pengaruh Kinerja Environmental, Social, dan Governance terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dengan Kekuatan CEO sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Diponegoro Journal Of Management, 10(3), 1–15.