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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas kebijakan publik dalam manajemen risiko bencana alam di Indonesia, dengan fokus pada implementasi kebijakan, koordinasi antar lembaga, dan dampaknya terhadap mitigasi bencana. Indonesia sebagai negara rawan bencana membutuhkan kebijakan publik yang responsif dan adaptif dalam mengurangi risiko dan dampak bencana alam seperti gempa bumi, banjir, dan letusan gunung berapi. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini melalui studi literatur, analisis dokumen kebijakan, serta wawancara dengan pemangku kepentingan di bidang kebencanaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun kerangka regulasi telah berkembang, efektivitas implementasinya masih menghadapi tantangan, terutama dalam hal koordinasi lintas sektor, keterbatasan sumber daya, dan rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat. Selain itu, kebijakan yang bersifat reaktif lebih dominan dibandingkan pendekatan preventif berbasis pengurangan risiko. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya penguatan kelembagaan, peningkatan kapasitas lokal, dan integrasi pendekatan berbasis komunitas untuk meningkatkan efektivitas kebijakan publik dalam manajemen risiko bencana di Indonesia.
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References
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- Sabatier, P. A., & Mazmanian, D. A. (1980). The Implementation of Public Policy: A Framework of Analysis. Policy Studies Journal, 8(4), 538–560. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.1980.tb01266.x .
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- Nugroho, H. S., & Lestari, D. P. (2020). Strengthening disaster mitigation through community-based disaster risk management in Indonesia. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 45, 101453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101453
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References
Mazmanian, D. A., & Sabatier, P. A. (1983). Implementation and Public Policy. Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman.
Sabatier, P. A., & Mazmanian, D. A. (1980). The Implementation of Public Policy: A Framework of Analysis. Policy Studies Journal, 8(4), 538–560. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.1980.tb01266.x .
Dye, T. R. (2017). Understanding Public Policy (15th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education.
Lassa, J. A. (2013). Disaster Policy Change in Indonesia 1930–2010: From Government to Governance? International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, 31(2), 130–159.
Lassa, J. A., Surjan, A., Caballero-Anthony, M., & Fisher, R. (2019). Measuring Political Will: An Index of Commitment to Disaster Risk Reduction. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 34, 13–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.11.001.
Putra, D. I., & Matsuyuki, M. (2019). Disaster Management Following Decentralization in Indonesia: Regulation, Institutional Establishment, Planning, and Budgeting. Journal of Disaster Research, 14(1), 175–185. https://doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2019.p0175
Nugroho, H. S., & Lestari, D. P. (2020). Strengthening disaster mitigation through community-based disaster risk management in Indonesia. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 45, 101453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101453
Adriani, M., & Suryanto, S. (2020). Evaluating the Implementation of Disaster Risk Reduction Policies in Local Government: A Case Study from Indonesia. Progress in Disaster Science, 8, 100123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2020.100123
Febriana, R., & Dewi, R. S. (2021). Institutional Capacity and Inter-Agency Coordination in Disaster Management in Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi: Media Pengembangan Ilmu dan Praktek Administrasi, 18(1), 67–78. https://doi.org/10.31289/jia.v18i1.5122
Djalante, R., Shaw, R., & DeWit, A. (2012). Disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation: Case studies from Southeast Asia. Environmental Hazards, 11(3), 234–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2011.609879