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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh perusahaan kepemilikan keluarga sebagai pemoderasi hubungan antara real earning management dan accrual earning management terhadap agresivitas pajak, pada perusahaan manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2019-2021. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling. Sebanyak 215 perusahaan telah memenuhi kriteria sebagai observasi. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian memberikan bukti empiris bahwa bahwa real earning management dan kepemilikan keluarga sebagai variabel moderasi berpengaruh terhadap agresivitas pajak, variabel kepemilikan keluarga dapat memoderasi pengaruh real earning management terhadap agresivitas pajak. Sedangkan variabel accrual earning management tidak berpengaruh terhadap agresivitas pajak, dan variabel kepemilikan keluarga tidak dapat memoderasi pengaruh accrual earning management terhadap agresivitas pajak.
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References
- Arifin, Zaenal. (2003). “Masalah agensi dan mekanisme kontrol pada perusahaan dengan struktur kepemilikan terkonsentrasi yang dikontrol keluarga: Bukti dari perusahaan publik di Indonesia ”. Universitas Indonesia.
- Barton, J., & Simko, P. J. (2002). The Balance Sheet as an Earnings Management Constraint. The Accounting Review, 77(1), 1–27.
- Chen, S., Chen, X., Cheng, Q., & Shevlin, T. (2010). “Are Firms More Tax Aggressive Than Non-Family Firms? ” . Journal of Financial Economics, 95, 41–61.
- Choi, Y.R. 2003. Taxes and Corporate Capital Structure. Journal of Finance, 11(1).
- Cohen, D. A., & Zarowin, P. (2010). Accrualbased and real earnings management activities around seasoned equity offerings. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 50, 2–19.
- Dechow, P., Sloan, R., & Sweeney, A., (1995). Detecting earnings management.The Accounting Review 70, 193–225.
- Frank, M., L. Lynch, & S. Rego. 2009. Tax reporting aggressiveness and its relation to aggressive financial reporting. The Accounting Review, 84(2), 467-496.
- Ge. W dan Kim, J.B. (2014). Real Earning management and The Cost of New Corporate Bonds. Journal of Business Research 67, pp 641-647.
- Geraldina, Ira. 2013. Preferensi Earning management Akrual atau Earning management Riil dalam Aktifitas Tax Shelter. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia.
- Jensen, M., C. dan William H. Meckling. (1976). Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency cost, and ownership structure. Journal of Finance Economics3 pp. 305-360
- Kim, C., & Zhang, L. (2016). Corporate Political Connections and Tax Aggressiveness. Contemporary Accounting Research, 33(1), 78–114. https://doi.org/10.1111/1911- 3846.12150
- Kothari, S.P., Leone, A.J. and Wasley, C.E. (2005). Performance Matched Discretionary Accrual Measures. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 39, 163–197.
- Kusuma, Cahya Adhi dan Amrie Firmansyah. 2018. “Earning management , Corporate Governance, Kualitas Auditor Eksternal Dan Agresivitas Pajak”. Jurnal Akuntansi. Politeknik Keuangan Negara STAN.
- Machdar, N.M. (2019). Agresivitas Pajak Dari Sudut Pandang Earning management . ISSN 2527–7502 EISSN 2581-2165. 4(1),183-192. Https://Doi.Org/10.36226/Jrmb.V4i1.257 Diakses Tanggal 4 Mei 2021.
- Martani, Dwi., & Persada, A. E. (2010). “Pengaruh Book Tax Gap Terhadap Persistensi Laba ”. Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Indonesia.
- Masri, I & Martani D.(2014). Tax avoidance behaviour towards the cost of debt. Int. J. Trade and Global Markets, Vol. 7, No. 3, 235-249.
- Masri, I. (2018). The Role of Corporate Governance In The Relationships of Family Company With Real Earnings Management. Jurnal Akuntansi. Volume XXII, Bo. 01, Januari 2018: 51-67.
- Mulyani, S., Darminto, & N.P, M. G. W. E. (2014). Pengaruh Karakteristik Perusahaan, Koneksi Politik dan Reformasi Perpajakan terhadap Penghindaran Pajak. A Handbook for Tax Simplification.
- Murniati, Sari. (2012). “Analisis Pengaruh Struktur Kepemilikan Terkonsentrasi Pada Keluarga Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak Perusahaan ”.
- Nurhandono, Furqon dan Amrie Firmansyah. 2017. “Pengaruh Lindung Nilai, Financial Leverage, Dan Earning management Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak”. Media Riset Akuntansi, Auditing & Informasi Vol. 17 No. 1. Politeknik Keuangan Negara STAN.
- Ozkan, A. 2001. Determinants of Capital Structure and Adjustment to Long-run Target: Evidence from UK Company Panel Data. Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, 28: 175-199.
- Pranoto, B. A., & Ari Kuncoro Widagdo. (2013). Pengaruh Koneksi Politik dan Corporate Governance Terhadap Tax Aggressiveness. Seminar Nasional Dan The 3rd Call for Syariah Paper, 2(2), 472–486.
- Putri, Lucy. T. Y. (2014). “Pengaruh Likuiditas, Earning management Dan Corporate Governance Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak Perusahaan ”.
- Roychowdhury, Sugata. 2006. Earnings Management Through Real Activities Manipulation. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 42, pp 335-370.
- Sari & Martani (2010). Ownership Characteristics, Corporate Governance, and Tax Aggressiveness. Paper presented at The 3rd Accounting & The 2nd Doctoral Colloquium Bridging the Gap between Theory, Research and Practice: IFRS Convergence and Application Faculty of Economics Universitas Indonesia
- Scott, W. R. 2015. Financial Accounting Theory (7th ed.). New Jersey: PrenticeHall, Inc.
- Stein, J.(1989). Efficient Capital Markets, Inefficient Firms: A Model of Myopic Corporate Behavior. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, November, pp. 655-69.
- Sudibyo, Y. A., & Jianfu, S. (2016). Political Connections, State Owned Enterprises and Tax Avoidance : an Evidence From Indonesia. Corporate Ownership and Control, 13(3), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i3c2p2
- Ummah, P. R., & Erma, S. (2022). PENGARUH CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ( CSR ) DAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ( CG ) TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS PAJAK ( Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun Oleh : 11(4).
- Villangola, B. dan R. Amit. (2006). How do family ownership, control and management affect firm value?. Journal of Financial economics80, 385-417
- Watts R. and J.L. Zimmerman. 1986. Positive Accounting Theory. New York: Prentice-Hall.
- Zang, A. Y. (2012). Evidence on the tradeoff between real activities manipulation and accrual-based earnings management. The Accounting Review, 87(2), 675–70
References
Arifin, Zaenal. (2003). “Masalah agensi dan mekanisme kontrol pada perusahaan dengan struktur kepemilikan terkonsentrasi yang dikontrol keluarga: Bukti dari perusahaan publik di Indonesia ”. Universitas Indonesia.
Barton, J., & Simko, P. J. (2002). The Balance Sheet as an Earnings Management Constraint. The Accounting Review, 77(1), 1–27.
Chen, S., Chen, X., Cheng, Q., & Shevlin, T. (2010). “Are Firms More Tax Aggressive Than Non-Family Firms? ” . Journal of Financial Economics, 95, 41–61.
Choi, Y.R. 2003. Taxes and Corporate Capital Structure. Journal of Finance, 11(1).
Cohen, D. A., & Zarowin, P. (2010). Accrualbased and real earnings management activities around seasoned equity offerings. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 50, 2–19.
Dechow, P., Sloan, R., & Sweeney, A., (1995). Detecting earnings management.The Accounting Review 70, 193–225.
Frank, M., L. Lynch, & S. Rego. 2009. Tax reporting aggressiveness and its relation to aggressive financial reporting. The Accounting Review, 84(2), 467-496.
Ge. W dan Kim, J.B. (2014). Real Earning management and The Cost of New Corporate Bonds. Journal of Business Research 67, pp 641-647.
Geraldina, Ira. 2013. Preferensi Earning management Akrual atau Earning management Riil dalam Aktifitas Tax Shelter. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia.
Jensen, M., C. dan William H. Meckling. (1976). Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency cost, and ownership structure. Journal of Finance Economics3 pp. 305-360
Kim, C., & Zhang, L. (2016). Corporate Political Connections and Tax Aggressiveness. Contemporary Accounting Research, 33(1), 78–114. https://doi.org/10.1111/1911- 3846.12150
Kothari, S.P., Leone, A.J. and Wasley, C.E. (2005). Performance Matched Discretionary Accrual Measures. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 39, 163–197.
Kusuma, Cahya Adhi dan Amrie Firmansyah. 2018. “Earning management , Corporate Governance, Kualitas Auditor Eksternal Dan Agresivitas Pajak”. Jurnal Akuntansi. Politeknik Keuangan Negara STAN.
Machdar, N.M. (2019). Agresivitas Pajak Dari Sudut Pandang Earning management . ISSN 2527–7502 EISSN 2581-2165. 4(1),183-192. Https://Doi.Org/10.36226/Jrmb.V4i1.257 Diakses Tanggal 4 Mei 2021.
Martani, Dwi., & Persada, A. E. (2010). “Pengaruh Book Tax Gap Terhadap Persistensi Laba ”. Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Indonesia.
Masri, I & Martani D.(2014). Tax avoidance behaviour towards the cost of debt. Int. J. Trade and Global Markets, Vol. 7, No. 3, 235-249.
Masri, I. (2018). The Role of Corporate Governance In The Relationships of Family Company With Real Earnings Management. Jurnal Akuntansi. Volume XXII, Bo. 01, Januari 2018: 51-67.
Mulyani, S., Darminto, & N.P, M. G. W. E. (2014). Pengaruh Karakteristik Perusahaan, Koneksi Politik dan Reformasi Perpajakan terhadap Penghindaran Pajak. A Handbook for Tax Simplification.
Murniati, Sari. (2012). “Analisis Pengaruh Struktur Kepemilikan Terkonsentrasi Pada Keluarga Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak Perusahaan ”.
Nurhandono, Furqon dan Amrie Firmansyah. 2017. “Pengaruh Lindung Nilai, Financial Leverage, Dan Earning management Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak”. Media Riset Akuntansi, Auditing & Informasi Vol. 17 No. 1. Politeknik Keuangan Negara STAN.
Ozkan, A. 2001. Determinants of Capital Structure and Adjustment to Long-run Target: Evidence from UK Company Panel Data. Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, 28: 175-199.
Pranoto, B. A., & Ari Kuncoro Widagdo. (2013). Pengaruh Koneksi Politik dan Corporate Governance Terhadap Tax Aggressiveness. Seminar Nasional Dan The 3rd Call for Syariah Paper, 2(2), 472–486.
Putri, Lucy. T. Y. (2014). “Pengaruh Likuiditas, Earning management Dan Corporate Governance Terhadap Agresivitas Pajak Perusahaan ”.
Roychowdhury, Sugata. 2006. Earnings Management Through Real Activities Manipulation. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 42, pp 335-370.
Sari & Martani (2010). Ownership Characteristics, Corporate Governance, and Tax Aggressiveness. Paper presented at The 3rd Accounting & The 2nd Doctoral Colloquium Bridging the Gap between Theory, Research and Practice: IFRS Convergence and Application Faculty of Economics Universitas Indonesia
Scott, W. R. 2015. Financial Accounting Theory (7th ed.). New Jersey: PrenticeHall, Inc.
Stein, J.(1989). Efficient Capital Markets, Inefficient Firms: A Model of Myopic Corporate Behavior. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, November, pp. 655-69.
Sudibyo, Y. A., & Jianfu, S. (2016). Political Connections, State Owned Enterprises and Tax Avoidance : an Evidence From Indonesia. Corporate Ownership and Control, 13(3), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i3c2p2
Ummah, P. R., & Erma, S. (2022). PENGARUH CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ( CSR ) DAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ( CG ) TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS PAJAK ( Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun Oleh : 11(4).
Villangola, B. dan R. Amit. (2006). How do family ownership, control and management affect firm value?. Journal of Financial economics80, 385-417
Watts R. and J.L. Zimmerman. 1986. Positive Accounting Theory. New York: Prentice-Hall.
Zang, A. Y. (2012). Evidence on the tradeoff between real activities manipulation and accrual-based earnings management. The Accounting Review, 87(2), 675–70