Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the dilemmas faced by high school and vocational school graduates in Sidenreng Rappang Regency when deciding what type of business to start, given the limited availability of job opportunities. The study uses an exploratory and interactionist qualitative approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The data were then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, which consists of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification, supported by data triangulation to ensure the validity of the findings. To facilitate the data analysis process, NVivo software was also used. The results reveal a complex dilemma in determining the type of business to pursue. This issue is influenced not only by limited financial capital, but also by psychological factors, practical skills, market access, and the lack of external guidance. These barriers are multidimensional, involving both individual and structural aspects, where fear of debt, low self-confidence, and limited experience further intensify the challenges. Despite these constraints, there are potential business opportunities that can be accessed with minimal capital, such as online trading, service-based skills, culinary ventures, agribusiness, and non-formal education. Graduates tend to adopt adaptive strategies such as self-directed learning, starting small businesses, relying on family support, and using digital technology. However, these strategies alone are not sufficient to ensure business sustainability without external support. In conclusion, entrepreneurial readiness among graduates is shaped by a combination of financial capital, social capital, self-confidence, and structural support. Therefore, entrepreneurial success largely depends on the synergy between individual capacity and a sustainable supporting ecosystem.
Keywords
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References
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References
Ahmed, S. K. (2024). How to choose a sampling technique and determine sample size for research: A simplified guide for researchers. Oral Oncology Reports, 12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oor.2024.100662
Bachmann, N., & Jodlbauer, H. (2023). Iterative business model innovation: A conceptual process model and tools for incumbents. Journal of Business Research, 168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.114177
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2024). Booklet Sakernas, Agustus 2024. Diakses pada 03/11/2025. Dari https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2024/12/20/145b7ca9b2e159c6c0493290/booklet-sakernas-agustus-2024.html
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2024). Indikator pasar Tenaga Kerja Indonesia, Agustus 2024. Diakses pada 03/11/2025, dari https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2024/12/16/d96c70fc6be192f04edf7fe0/indikator-pasar-tenaga-kerja-indonesia-agustus-2024.html
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2025). Pengangguran terbuka menurut pendidikan tertinggi yang ditamatkan. Diakses pada 03/10/2025, dari https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/2/Njc0IzI=/pengangguran-terbuka-menurut-pendidikan-tertinggi-yang-ditamatkan.html
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2025). Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang dalam Angka 2025. Diakses pada 03/27/2025, dari https://sidrapkab.bps.go.id/id/publication/2025/02/28/be5ce98e302a1ad48ebb198e/kabupaten-sidenreng-rappang-dalam-angka-2025.html
Baptista, D., Freund, R., & Novella, R. (2024). Job training and search assistance for microwork: Evidence from Haiti. Economics Letters, 244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2024.111948
Barrero, J. P., Delgado-García, J. B., & Pérez-Fernández, H. (2024). Training entrepreneurs in culturally diverse countries: Influence of social norms on entrepreneurial intention. The International Journal of Management Education, 22(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2024.101059
Crowley, F., & Barlow, P. (2022). Entrepreneurship and social capital: a multi-level analysis. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 28(9), 492-519. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-10-2021-0868
Firman, A., Latief, F., Hidayat, A. I., Nooviar, M. S., Adnan, A., Naim, M. A. A., & Ridwan, T. M. (2024). Budaya Sibaliparriq: Motivasi Berwirausaha di Kalangan Suku Mandar. Jurnal Manajemen STIE Muhammadiyah Palopo, 10(1), 122-134. http://dx.doi.org/10.35906/jurman.v10i1.1933
Graña-Alvarez, R., Gomez-Conde, J., Lopez-Valeiras, E., & González-Loureiro, M. (2024). Management control systems, business financial literacy, and financial leverage in business-incubated start-ups. The British Accounting Review, 56(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2024.101427
Halik, J. B., & Halik, M. Y. (2024). Open Innovation And Digital Marketing: A Catalyst for Culinary SMEs In Makassar. Jurnal Manajemen, 28(3), 588-612. https://doi.org/10.24912/jm.v28i3.2059
Junaidi, J., Anwar, S. M., & Sahrir, S. (2023). The role of religion and social capital on entrepreneurship self-efficacy and motivation among students in Indonesia. Cogent Business & Management, 10(3), 2265091. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2265091
Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi. (2025). Data Peserta Didik Semester 2024/2025 Ganjil. Diakses pada 03/28/2025, dari https://dapo.dikdasmen.go.id/pd/2/191500
Köhler, T. (2024). Multilevel qualitative research: Insights from practice. European Management Journal, 42(4), 503-514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2024.03.011
Kwan, C. K., Shum, M. H. Y., Chu, T. T., & Ng, N. K. S. L. (2025). Internship: Breaking the vicious unemployment cycle for vulnerable youth. Children and Youth Services Review, 169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108122
Liang, B., Xiong, Y., Yang, J., Li, A., & Yang, Y. (2024). The Impact of Social Capital on College Students’ Entrepreneurial Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model. SAGE Open, 14(2), 21582440241244952. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241244952
Maghfur, M. A., & Amin, S. (2024). Penanaman Nilai Multikulturalisme Pembelajaran Sejarah dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Bonus Demografi (Studi di SMK Muhammadiyah Secang). Jurnal DinamikA, 5(2), 189-208. https://jurnal.iainsalatiga.ac.id/index.php/dinamika/article/view/368/73
Maming, M., Mashud, M., & Suaidi, F. (2023). Social Capital for Young Indonesian Entrepreneurs’ Development. International Journal of Social Science and Human Research, 6(06). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v6-i6-18
Oyinlola, M., Kolade, O., Okoya, S. A., Ajala, O., Adefila, A., Adediji, A., Babaremu, K., Tijani, B., Adejuwon, J., Wambui, F., & Akinlabi, E. T. (2024). Entrepreneurship and innovation in Nigerian universities: Trends, challenges, and opportunities. Heliyon, 10(9), e29940. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29940
Pemerintah Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang. (n.d.). Visi dan Misi Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang. Diakses 03/27/2025, dari https://sidrapkab.go.id/site/profil/detail/Profil185843-VISI-DAN-MISI
Pratiwi, M. S. A., Sugihardjo, & Anantanyu, S. (2025). Youth and Agricultural Entrepreneurship: A Relationship Age, Education Level, Gender, Farmer Family History with Interest. AgriHumanis, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.46575/agrihumanis.v5i1.202
Purusottama, A. (2019). Rural Youth Entrepreneurship Capital and Potential Entrepreneurship. International Journal of Small and Medium Enterprises and Business Sustainability, 4(3), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.25105/ijsmebs.v4i3.20473
Rahimi, S. (2024). Saturation in qualitative research: An evolutionary concept analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances, 6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnsa.2024.100174
Raya, A. B., Andiani, R., Siregar, A. P., Prasada, I. Y., Indana, F., Simbolon, T. G. Y., Kinasih, A. T., & Nugroho, A. D. (2021). Challenges, open innovation, and engagement theory at craft SMEs: Evidence from Indonesian batik. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(2), 121. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7020121
Safarudin, R., Zulfamanna, Z., Kustati, M., & Sepriyanti, N. (2023). Penelitian kualitatif. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 3(2), 9680-9694. https://j-innovative.org/index.php/Innovative/article/view/1536
Santoso, D. M., & Indudewi, Y. R. (2022). The Entrepreneurial Resilience Study on the Young Nascent Entrepreneurs. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan, 24(2), 129-137. https://doi.org/10.9744/jmk.24.2.129-137
Shah, P., Dhir, A., Joshi, R., & Tripathy, N. (2023). Opportunities and challenges in food entrepreneurship: In-depth qualitative investigation of millet entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Research, 155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.113372
Shidiq, M. R. (2020). Determinants of agripreneurial career intentions: Evidence from agriculture students. Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis, 17(2), 128-128. https://doi.org/10.17358/jma.17.2.128
Simba, A., Ogundana, O. M., Braune, E., & Dana, L.-P. (2023). Community financing in entrepreneurship: A focus on women entrepreneurs in the developing world. Journal of Business Research, 163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113962
Suhardi, Y., Pragiwani, M., Zulkarnaini, Z., Darmawan, A., & Sakti, S. H. (2023). Kewirausahaan Di Era Digital. BERDAYA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 5(3), 229-236. https://doi.org/10.36407/berdaya.v5i3.1143
Sulistiyani, R., Hadiwidjojo, D., & Salim, U. (2012). IMITATION STRATEGIES FOR SME LEARNING PROCESS TOWARDS INNOVATION STRATEGIES. APMBA (Asia Pacific Management and Business Application), 1(2), 141-155. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.apmba.2012.001.02.4
Susanto, E., & Arsyad, F. (2020). Coping Strategies Among Informal Sector Workers of Micro Enterprises: a Case in the Ciburial Village of Kecamatan Cimenyan, Bandung District. Indonesian Journal of Social Work, 4(1), 14-26. https://doi.org/10.31595/ijsw.v4i1.289
Triyani, A., & Setyahuni, S. W. (2023). How Financial Distress Affect The Coping Strategy? Case Of Indonesian MSME’s During The Covid-19 Outbreak. Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 13(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.22219/jrak.v13i1.22209
Wilestari, M., Mujiani, S., Sugiharto, B. H., Sutrisno, S., & Risdwiyanto, A. (2023). Digitalisasi dan Transformasi Bisnis: Perspektif Praktisi Muda UMKM tentang Perubahan Ekonomi. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, 12(2), 259-268. https://doi.org/10.23887/jish.v12i2.61216
Worokinasih, S., Nuzula, N. F., Damayanti, C. R., & Sirivanh, T. (2023). The resilience of youth entrepreneur: the role of social capital, financial literacy, and emotional intelligence on SMEs’ performance in Indonesia. BISMA (Bisnis dan Manajemen), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.26740/bisma.v16n1.p1-27
Wu, S., Luo, Y., Zhang, H., & Cheng, P. (2024). Entrepreneurial bricolage and entrepreneurial performance: The role of business model innovation and market orientation. Heliyon, 10(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26600
Yudianto, B., Trilaksono, T., Setiawati, I. B., Wijanarti, S. W., & Suhartanto, E. (2022). Strategies for SME Digital Ecosystem in Indonesian Metal Industry. International Research Journal of Business Studies, 15(1), 63-77. https://doi.org/10.21632/irjbs.15.1.63-77