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Abstract
Accounting conservatism is a principle of prudence in financial reporting, where companies recognize potential losses and liabilities promptly while delaying the recognition of assets and earnings. This study aims to examine the influence of capital intensity, debt covenants, financial distress, and earning pressure on the application of accounting conservatism. The research focuses on non-financial companies listed in the LQ45 index during the 2021–2023 period. Using purposive sampling, 25 companies were selected, resulting in 75 observation units. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression with IBM SPSS version 25. The findings reveal that capital intensity and debt covenants have no significant effect on accounting conservatism. However, financial distress has a negative effect, while earning pressure has a positive effect on the application of accounting conservatism. These results highlight the role of internal financial conditions in shaping conservative accounting practices, offering insights for managers, investors, and regulators regarding risk assessment and financial reporting strategies.
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References
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- Ariska, S., Puspa, D. F., & Puttri, D. (2018). Pengaruh Intensitas Modal, Dividend Payout Ratio Dan Financial Distress Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi Pada Seluruh Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2013-2017. Abstract of Undergraduate Research, Faculty of Economics, Bung Hatta University, 13(1). https://ejurnal.bunghatta.ac.id/index.php/JFEK/article/view/12805
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- Fadhiilah, D., & Rahayuningsih, D. A. (2022). Faktor-Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Penerapan Konservatisme Akuntansi. Akurasi : Jurnal Studi Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 5(1), 87–102. https://doi.org/10.29303/AKURASI.V5I1.143
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- Lasdi, L. (2009). Pengujian Determinan Konservatisma Akuntansi. Jurnal Akuntansi Kontemporer, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.33508/JAKO.V1I1.376
- Li, H. (2018). Unconditional Accounting Conservatism and Real Earnings Management. International Journal of Financial Research, 9(2), 203. https://doi.org/10.5430/IJFR.V9N2P203
- Maharani, D. P., & Dura, J. (2023). Pengaruh Risiko Litigasi, Intensitas Modal Dan Financial Distress Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi. Jurnal Ilmiah Bisnis Dan Ekonomi Asia, 17(2), 226–238. https://doi.org/10.32815/JIBEKA.V17I2.1697
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- Ross, S. A. ., Westerfield, Randolph., Jaffe, J. F. ., Jordan, B. D. ., & Shue, Kelly. (2022). Corporate finance (13th ed.). McGraw Hill LLC.
- Savitri;, E. (2016). Konservatisme Akuntansi Cara Pengukuran, Tinjauan Empiris dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya (1st ed., Vol. 1). PUSTAKA SAHILA YOGYAKARTA. //opaclib.inaba.ac.id%2Findex.php%3Fp%3Dshow_detail%26id%3D3567%26keywords%3D
- Sholikhah, Z., & Baroroh, N. (2021). The Roles of Capital Intensity in Moderating Managerial Ownership and Investment Opportunity Set (IOS) on Accounting Conservatism. Accounting Analysis Journal, 10(1), 25–31. https://doi.org/10.15294/AAJ.V10I1.40114
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- Suwarti, T., Wahyu W.L, Nurhayati, I. , & Zulfa A. S. (2020). Pengaruh Debt Covenant, Profitabilitas Dan Growth Opportunities Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi (Study Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di BEI Tahun 2016-2018). Proceeding SENDI_U, 627–632. https://r.search.yahoo.com/
- Tania, S., Pratiwi, L. N., & Laksana, B. (2021). Prediksi Kebangkrutan Menggunakan Metode Altman Z-Score Modifikasi pada PT Inti (Persero). Indonesian Journal of Economics and Management, 1(3), 628–633. https://doi.org/10.35313/IJEM.V1I3.3077
- Watts, R., & Zimmerman, J. (1986). Positive accounting theory. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=928677
- Zahro, N. (2021). Growth Opportunity, Capital Intensity, and Accounting Conservatism: The Moderating Role of Managerial Ownership. KnE Social Sciences, 71–77–71–77. https://doi.org/10.18502/KSS.V5I7.9321
References
Altman, E. I., Hotchkiss, E., & Wang, W. (2019). Corporate Financial Distress, Restructuring, and Bankruptcy (4th ed.). Wiley.
Ariska, S., Puspa, D. F., & Puttri, D. (2018). Pengaruh Intensitas Modal, Dividend Payout Ratio Dan Financial Distress Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi Pada Seluruh Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2013-2017. Abstract of Undergraduate Research, Faculty of Economics, Bung Hatta University, 13(1). https://ejurnal.bunghatta.ac.id/index.php/JFEK/article/view/12805
Azizah, Y. N., Wiharno, H., Martika, L. D., & Kuningan, U. (2022). Pengaruh Intensitas Modal, Debt Covenant Dan Growth Opportunity Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi. 2(2). https://journal.uniku.ac.id/index.php/jeam
Biddle, G. C., Ma, M. L. Z., & Song, F. M. (2022). Accounting Conservatism and Bankruptcy Risk. Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance, 37(2), 295–323. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148558X20934244/SUPPL_FILE/BMS_CONSERVATISM_AND_BANKRUPTCY_RISK_10MAY20_-_ADDENDUM_10MAY20.DOCX
Fadhiilah, D., & Rahayuningsih, D. A. (2022). Faktor-Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Penerapan Konservatisme Akuntansi. Akurasi : Jurnal Studi Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 5(1), 87–102. https://doi.org/10.29303/AKURASI.V5I1.143
Ghozali, I. (2020). 25 Grand theory : 25 teori besar ilmu manajemen, akuntansi dan bisnis (untuk landasan teori skripsi, tesis dan disertasi) / Imam Ghazali | Dinas Perpustakaan Dan Kearsipan Kota Yogyakarta (1st ed.). Yoga Pratama. https://opacperpustakaan.jogjakota.go.id/inlislite3/opac/detail-opac?id=49159
Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia. (2022). SAK Efektif per 1 Januari 2022 (Revisi 2019). Ikatan Akuntan Indonesia. https://web.iaiglobal.or.id/SAK-Umum-Efektif/SAK%20Efektif%20per%201%20Januari%202022#gsc.tab=0
Jao, R., Ho, D., Studi Akuntansi, P., & Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Atma Jaya Makassar, F. (2019). Pengaruh Struktur Kepemilikan dan Debt Covenant terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Jambi, 2(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/JRAJ.V2I1.426
Kurniawan, Y. A., Farida, F., & Purwantini, A. H. (2022). Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Intensitas Modal, Leverage, Growth Opportunities dan Financial Distress terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi. Borobudur Accounting Review, 2(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.31603/BACR.6970
Lasdi, L. (2009). Pengujian Determinan Konservatisma Akuntansi. Jurnal Akuntansi Kontemporer, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.33508/JAKO.V1I1.376
Li, H. (2018). Unconditional Accounting Conservatism and Real Earnings Management. International Journal of Financial Research, 9(2), 203. https://doi.org/10.5430/IJFR.V9N2P203
Maharani, D. P., & Dura, J. (2023). Pengaruh Risiko Litigasi, Intensitas Modal Dan Financial Distress Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi. Jurnal Ilmiah Bisnis Dan Ekonomi Asia, 17(2), 226–238. https://doi.org/10.32815/JIBEKA.V17I2.1697
Nizar, M., & Kiswanto, K. (2022). Analysis Of The Influence Of Accounting Conservatism, Company Size, Capital Structure, Liquidity And Profit Growth On Earnings Quality. Kajian Akuntansi, 23(1), 101–118. https://doi.org/10.29313/KA.V23I1.7230
Putri, W., Tartilla, N., & Pamungkas, M. N. (2020). Analysis of the Factors That Affect the Company"s Accounting Conservatism. The Accounting Journal of Binaniaga, 5(2), 101–112. https://doi.org/10.33062/AJB.V5I2.391
Rafida, W., & Pratami, Y. (2023). PENGARUH FINANCIAL DISTRESS, INTENSITAS MODAL, LEVERAGE, DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP KONSERVATISME AKUNTANSI. Journal Of Islamic Finance And Accounting Research, 2(1 FEBRUARI), 61–73. https://doi.org/10.25299/JAFAR.2023.12328
Raharja, N., & Sandra, A. (2014). View article. https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=tehyWEoAAAAJ&citation_for_view=tehyWEoAAAAJ:qjMakFHDy7sC
Ross, S. A. ., Westerfield, Randolph., Jaffe, J. F. ., Jordan, B. D. ., & Shue, Kelly. (2022). Corporate finance (13th ed.). McGraw Hill LLC.
Savitri;, E. (2016). Konservatisme Akuntansi Cara Pengukuran, Tinjauan Empiris dan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya (1st ed., Vol. 1). PUSTAKA SAHILA YOGYAKARTA. //opaclib.inaba.ac.id%2Findex.php%3Fp%3Dshow_detail%26id%3D3567%26keywords%3D
Sholikhah, Z., & Baroroh, N. (2021). The Roles of Capital Intensity in Moderating Managerial Ownership and Investment Opportunity Set (IOS) on Accounting Conservatism. Accounting Analysis Journal, 10(1), 25–31. https://doi.org/10.15294/AAJ.V10I1.40114
Stice, J., Stice, E., & Skousen, F. (2010). Intermediate Accounting (17th ed.). South-Western. https://www.amazon.com/Skousens-seventeenth-Intermediate-Accounting-Hardcover/dp/B003NS50DS
Sugiyarti, L., & Rina, S. (2020). Pengaruh Insentif Pajak, Financial distress, Earning Pressure Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi. Jurnal Litbang Sukowati : Media Penelitian Dan Pengembangan, 1, 65–74. https://doi.org/10.32630/sukowati.v4i1.148
Sulastri, A., Mulyati, S., & Icih, I. (2018). Analisis Pengaruh Asean Corporate Governance Scorecard, Leverage, Size, Growth Opportunities, Dan Earnings Pressure Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi (Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan Top Rank 50 ASEAN Corporate Governance Scorecard Di Indonesia yang terdaftar. ACCRUALS (Accounting Research Journal of Sutaatmadja), 2(1), 41–67. https://doi.org/10.35310/ACCRUALS.V2I1.6
Suwarti, T., Wahyu W.L, Nurhayati, I. , & Zulfa A. S. (2020). Pengaruh Debt Covenant, Profitabilitas Dan Growth Opportunities Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi (Study Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di BEI Tahun 2016-2018). Proceeding SENDI_U, 627–632. https://r.search.yahoo.com/
Tania, S., Pratiwi, L. N., & Laksana, B. (2021). Prediksi Kebangkrutan Menggunakan Metode Altman Z-Score Modifikasi pada PT Inti (Persero). Indonesian Journal of Economics and Management, 1(3), 628–633. https://doi.org/10.35313/IJEM.V1I3.3077
Watts, R., & Zimmerman, J. (1986). Positive accounting theory. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=928677
Zahro, N. (2021). Growth Opportunity, Capital Intensity, and Accounting Conservatism: The Moderating Role of Managerial Ownership. KnE Social Sciences, 71–77–71–77. https://doi.org/10.18502/KSS.V5I7.9321